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아랍 세계의 인구구조 변천과 경제성장

Demographic Transition and Economic Growth in the Arab World

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주제분류종교학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 현재 인구가 폭증하고 있는 아랍 세계의 인구구조 변천 현황을 살펴보고, 인구구조의 변천이 아랍 세계의 경제성장에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지 실증적으로 분석하고자 함에 있다. 이를 위해 아랍 세계의 장기 패널자료를 구축한 후 패널 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 추정 결과에 따르면 총인구의 증가는 아랍 세계의 경제성장에 유의한 변수가 아닌 것으로 추정되었으며, 오히려 총인구보다는 인구의 구조가 중요한 것으로 확인되었다. 구체적으로 전체 인구 대비 0세부터 14세까지 유소년 인구 비중의 증가는 아랍 세계의 경제성장에 유의하게 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 추정된 반면, 생산가능인구 비중의 증가는 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 추정되었다. 특히 생산가능인구 내 세부 연령층 중에서도 15세부터 34세까지 청년층 인구가 유일하게 경제성장에 양(+)의 효과를 주는 변수로 추정되어 아랍 세계의 성장동력임을 확인하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the current status of demographic transition in the Arab world, where the population is currently exploding, and to empirically analyze how the demographic transition has affected the economic growth of the Arab world. To this end, panel regression analysis was conducted after constructing long-term panel data from the Arab world. According to the estimation results, it was estimated that the increase in the total population was not a significant variable for the economic growth of the Arab world, but rather, it was confirmed that the composition of the population was more important factor than the total population. Specifically, the increase in the proportion of the youth population from age 0 to 14 in the total population was estimated to have a significant negative impact on economic growth, while the proportion of the working-age population was estimated to have a positive effect. In particular, among the sub-age groups in the working-age population, the proportion of the young population from the age of 15 to 34 was estimated to be the only variable that has a positive effect on economic growth, confirming that it is the growth engine of the Arab world.

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