국어 構造格 附與子의 범주
The Category of Structural Case Assigner in Korean Syntax
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이 논문에서는 格表示는 形式 要件을 필요로 하고, 格附與는 意味 要件을 필요로 하는 개념으로 구분하였다. 이러한 개념으로는 構造格도 해당 附與子와 意味關係를 이루어야 한다는 점이 本有格이라 불리는 斜格과 다르지 않다. 따라서 하나의 格에 대응하는 그 附與子는 기능범주라기보다는 敍述範疇임을 제기하였다. 다만 사격은 述語에 의해 어휘적으로 格附與가 이루어지지만, 主格과 對格은 어휘가 아닌 統合階層에서 각각의 서술영역을 지닌다. 서술영역에 대한 階層構造化는, 술어 중심의 單核構成인 命題構造를 명사구와 그 서술영역의 兩核的 機能構造로 바꾸어 줌으로써 발생한다. 국어에서 주격이나 대격이 다른 격들과 교체되는 현상이 다양하고, 다른 격을 받지 못하는 非意味役 성분도 이들 主格 또는 對格을 취할 수 있다. 이때, 해당 서술영역으로부터 內在的 意味關係에 있는 것은 대격으로, 外在的 意味關係에 있는 것은 주격으로 실현된다.
Abstract
The Category of Structural Case Assigner in Korean Syntax Oh, Choong-yeun In this paper, there is a clear distinction between the Case Assigner and Case Marker. In 'Transformational Grammar(Chomsky 1986)', the Case was treated by dissymmetrical method on functional and semantic level. Case Marker is asked morphological condition, but Case Assigner is asked semantic condition. In the view point, as the Case Assigner, PP and NP(subject and object) are same unit what is assigned by their Case Assigner. Only, PP is expressed the Case by functional lexical morpheme, that is preposition. But NP is not express by the morpheme. Therefore, their Cases are marked by preposition or the word order. But not to be assigned from word order or preposition. PP is assigned the Case from V. And Structural Case can't assigned form lexical hierarchy. But the assigners are predicative category, as a V' or VP. In Korean, subjective NP is assigned form VP, But sometimes, is assigned from S'(AgrSUB1). When assigned form S, the sentence is double subjective. S' has AgrSUB1 and the NP1 has K1(Case Marker). Agr and K are only functional. And objective NP is assigned form V or V'. Logical objective is assigned from V, other objectives are assigned from V'. A Case have the Case Scope, it is predicative scope. It is the assigner. NP was inter-controled with it's Case Assigner. Therefore, Korean phase-clause have dual head system. A structural case is the result from that a propositional structure as single head(head verb) system was changed to functional structure as dual head system. In this course, the topical index are operated.