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논 토양에서 탄소중립을 위한 벼 무경운 재배 연구 Ⅰ. 벼 무경운 유기재배가 토양 탄소 축적과 경제성에 미치는 영향

Research on No-till Rice Cultivation for Carbon Neutrality in Organic Paddy Soil Ⅰ. Impact of No-till Organic Rice Cultivation on Soil Carbon Accumulation and Economic Feasibility

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초록

This study was conducted to investigate the economic value of changes in soil chemistry and carbon accumulation during no-till organic cultivation of rice based on Korea’s traditional agriculture. The test method was to cut and reduce the rice straw produced in the test treatment area. The test processing conducted under organic cultivation conditions with no input (no externally produced materials such as organic and inorganic fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides etc.) except agricultural water and rainfall. The test treatments were pre-transplant tillage and no-till, and were conducted from 2017 to 2023. This study is the first report of them. In the no-till treatment, water was removed 1 day before transplanting, and seedlings were grown simultaneously with partial tillage. The transplanted seedlings were transplanted. In organic cultivation, the Ca content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of tilled soil were lower in subsoil compared to topsoil. The soluble phosphoric acid (P2O4) content of no-till soil was increased compared to that of tillage soil. Soil salt concentration (EC), soluble phosphoric acid (P2O4), K, Ca, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) have reduced variation between topsoil (0~15 cm) and subsoil (15~30 cm) in no-till soil compared to tilled soil therefore, soil uniformity was increased. In silt loam and loam, soil carbon (T-C) and nitrogen (T-N) contents were significantly increased in no-till soil compared to tilled soil. However the variation between topsoil and subsoil in soil carbon (T-C) and nitrogen (T-N) content was reduced in no-till soil compared to tilled soil. Soil carbon accumulation from the ground surface to a depth of 30 cm was 82 MgC ha-1 for the tillage treatment and 85.3 MgC ha-1 for the 1-year no-till soil. In addition, the soil after 2 years of no-till was 95.8 MgC ha-1, an increase of the no-till treatment. The economic value of soil carbon was estimated to increase by KRW 81,180 ($62.4) for soil with 1 year of no-till cultivation compared to soil with tillage.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the economic value of changes in soil chemistry and carbon accumulation during no-till organic cultivation of rice based on Korea’s traditional agriculture. The test method was to cut and reduce the rice straw produced in the test treatment area. The test processing conducted under organic cultivation conditions with no input (no externally produced materials such as organic and inorganic fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides etc.) except agricultural water and rainfall. The test treatments were pre-transplant tillage and no-till, and were conducted from 2017 to 2023. This study is the first report of them. In the no-till treatment, water was removed 1 day before transplanting, and seedlings were grown simultaneously with partial tillage. The transplanted seedlings were transplanted. In organic cultivation, the Ca content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of tilled soil were lower in subsoil compared to topsoil. The soluble phosphoric acid (P2O4) content of no-till soil was increased compared to that of tillage soil. Soil salt concentration (EC), soluble phosphoric acid (P2O4), K, Ca, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) have reduced variation between topsoil (0~15 cm) and subsoil (15~30 cm) in no-till soil compared to tilled soil therefore, soil uniformity was increased. In silt loam and loam, soil carbon (T-C) and nitrogen (T-N) contents were significantly increased in no-till soil compared to tilled soil. However the variation between topsoil and subsoil in soil carbon (T-C) and nitrogen (T-N) content was reduced in no-till soil compared to tilled soil. Soil carbon accumulation from the ground surface to a depth of 30 cm was 82 MgC ha-1 for the tillage treatment and 85.3 MgC ha-1 for the 1-year no-till soil. In addition, the soil after 2 years of no-till was 95.8 MgC ha-1, an increase of the no-till treatment. The economic value of soil carbon was estimated to increase by KRW 81,180 ($62.4) for soil with 1 year of no-till cultivation compared to soil with tillage.

참고문헌 (39)

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