반창의성 편향에 대한 이론적 고찰
Theoretical Review on the Anti-Creativity Bias
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반창의성 편향은 창의성, 창의적인 아이디어, 창의적인 사람에 대한 외면적 긍정 표현과 달리 내면적, 암묵적으로 그것들에 대해 거부, 부정, 회피하려는 개인의 편향을 말한다. 본고에서는 반창의성 편향을 이해하기 위해 진화심리학, 사회심리학, 인지심리학적 관점에서 살펴보았다. 더불어, 경영학 분야에서 논의되는 혁신과 혁신 저항에 비추어 반창의성편향의 의미를 반추해 보았다. 이를 통해 반창의성 편향은 인간이 사회적, 환경적으로 진화의 과정을 겪으며, 오랫동안 생존을 위해 필요한 “새로움에 대한 경계”, “경험 기반 효율성”, “변화에 대한 저항”, “불확실한 상황에서의 판단”에 기인함을 알 수 있었다. 하지만 기나긴 진화의 역사 속에서 인간 생존에 필요한 본능으로 반창의성 편향이 자리 잡았다 하더라도, 창의성이 강조되는 4차 산업혁명시대에 창의적인 산출, 아이디어, 사람에 대해 암묵적으로 거부, 부정, 회피하는 편향은 개선이 필요하다. 현시대에는 과거와 달리 자연인으로서의 생존 이슈보다 창의적이고 혁신적인 변화를 수용하고, 주도해 나가는 인간이 더욱 어울리기 때문이다. 논의과정에서 반창의성 편향을 극복하기 위해 이에 대한 이해, 인지 경험을 제공하고, 고정관념의 극복, 합리적 판단 방법, 데이터에 기초한 의사결정 방법 교육의 필요성과 후속 연구 방향을 제시하였다.
Abstract
In contrast to outward affirmative expressions on creativity, creative ideas and creative people, anti-creativity bias is the individual’s bias against of refusing, denying, or avoiding them, internally and implicitly. Away from the viewpoint of strengthening creativity of individuals and organizations that have been the center of creativity research so far, in this paper, focusing on anti-creativity bias, dual assessment of personal creativity, concepts of innovation acceptance, major research, issues and educational suggestions were discussed through literature review. Along with theses, the research directions and themes are proposed necessary to minimize anti-creativity bias. Anti-creativity bias is based on the genetic memories needed for long survival that humans have acquired through social and environmental evolution like “attention to newness”, “experience-based efficiency”, “resistance to change”, “judgment in an uncertain situation”. These biases of individuals seem to need improvement in the era of creative era where the society emphasizes creativity and the fourth industrial revolution. Unlike the past, in the present, people who lead and accept creative and innovative changes more than survival problems as natural people become more suitable. The curriculum to blow away the anti-creativity bias should include anti-creativity bias understanding, cognitive experience providing, stereotypes overcoming, rational judgment techniques, and data-based decision-making education.
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