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한국·중국·일본의 창의성에 대한 암묵적 지식 비교

Comparative analysis of Implicit Knowledge about Creativity according to Complexity among Korea, China and Japan

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초록

창의적인 사람들은 서로 상반되어 보이는 두 가지 극단적인 성격을 동시에 가지고 있기도 하고, 상황에 따라 한 쪽의 극단적인 성향만 발휘하기도 한다. Csikszentmihalyi는 이러한 특성들을 10가지 차원으로 정리하였으며, 이를 복합성(complexity)이라고 제시하였다. 본 논문은 하나의 문화로 여겨졌던 동양의 세 국가(한국․ 중국․ 일본)에서 창의성에 대한 암묵적 지식의 차이를 복합성을 통하여 비교해보았으며, 결과는 다음과 같았다. Csikszentmihalyi의 복합적 특성 중‘활동과 휴식’과‘겸손과 자부심’은 한국과 일본이 유사하고 중국이 낮게 나타났으며,‘꾀와 천진함’과‘외향과 내향’, 그리고‘장난기와 진지함’은 한국, 일본, 중국의 순서로 비율이 나타났다.‘남성성과 여성성’에서는 일본이 가장 높은 비율을 보였으며,‘대범과 민감’에서는 일본, 한국, 중국의 순서로 비율이 다르게 나타났다. 본 연구는 복합성에 대한 경험적인 자료를 제시해 줌과 동시에, 창의성의 암묵적 지식에 대한 차이가 한국, 중국, 일본에서 존재함을 밝힘으로써 동양의 창의성에 대한 비교문화연구의 기초가 될 것으로 기대한다.

Abstract

Creative people have two extreme characteristics which seem to be conflicting, or show only one extreme characteristic according to situation. Csikszentmihalyi(1996) arranged the characteristics in the ten dimensions and called them complexity. The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in implicit knowledge of creativity using complexity questionnaire in three east Asian countries(Korea, China, Japan) which were considered to have one culture. The results of this study were as follows : in the area, “physical energy & quiet/restful” and “humble & proud”, Korean and Japanese showed similar rates and Chinese showed lower rate. In the areas of “smart/wisdom & naive/childlike”, “extroversion & introversion”, and “irresponsibility/playfulness & responsibility/discipline”, Korean, Japanese, Chinese in order showed higher rates. In the area, “masculinity and femininity”, Japanese showed the highest rate, and in the area, 'enjoyment and suffering', Japanese, Korean, and Chinese in order showed the higher rates. The study will provide empirical data for the systems model of creativity and exploratory research for the differences in implicit knowledge of creativity and complexity of Asian three countries which considered as a same culture area.

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