청각장애 아동의 구어 습득을 위한 청각-구어법
Auditory-Verbal Approach for Spoken Language Acquisition in Children with Hearing Impairments
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본 연구는 신생아 선별검사와 보청기 및 인공와우 기술의 향상 등으로 청각장애 아동들이 조기에 구어를 듣고 배울 수 있는 가능성이 많아짐에 따라 청각장애 아동의 구어 습득을 촉진시키기 위한 청각-구어법과 청각-구어 치료 시 고려해야 할 구어 문제 그리고 초기 구어 습득을 위한 청각-구어 프로그램에 관하여 조사하였다. 첫째, 청각장애 아동의 구어 습득은 보청기/인공와우를 통하여 말소리의 7가지 특성을 충분히 들을 수 있을 때 촉진될 수 있다. 구어는 우선적으로 일련의 음향적인 사건이기 때문에 청각장애 아동이 잔청을 효과적으로 사용하도록 하기 위해서는 특수교사, 언어치료사, 그리고 부모는 구어의 음향학을 이해하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 둘째, 청각-구어법은 청각장애 아동이 적절한 구어를 발달시킬 수 있도록 보청기/인공와우를 통하여 아동의 초기 구어 습득 과정에서 나타나는 구어 문제를 치료 회기마다 진단하고 평가하는 것을 포함한다. 셋째, 청각-구어 프로그램은 부모 참여와 듣기를 통해 가장 자연스럽고 명료한 구어를 습득할 수 있다는 데에 초점을 두고 있으면서 아동의 듣기, 말하기, 언어, 인지의 영역별 목표들은 일상생활 활동에서 통합되도록 한다.
Abstract
The majority of children with hearing impairments have hearing potential to develop spoken language with improved technology in newborn screening and hearing aids and cochlear implants. The purposes of this study were to examine the methods, considerations, and programs of auditory-verbal approach to promote optimal acquisition of spoken language in children with hearing impairments.First, spoken language acquisition in children with hearing impairments can be promoted when they can hear seven major aspects of speech sufficiently. As spoken language is primarily a series of acoustic events, teachers, speech therapists, and parents must understand the acoustics in order that the children may use residual hearing effectively. Second, auditory-verbal therapy sessions involve ongoing evaluation and prognosis of speech problems in the process of early language acquisition with hearing aids and/or cochlear implants to develop appropriate spoken language of children with hearing impairments.Third, as auditory-verbal approach focuses on learning to talk through listening and parent participation, targets in audition, speech, language, and cognition are to be integrated into everyday activities.
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