사회적 마이너리티에 대한 차별적 표현과 표현의 자유에 대한 사회학적 담론
Sociological Discussion of Discriminatory Speech and Freedom of Speech in Social Minorities
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본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 사회적 마이너리티에 대한 차별적 ‘혐오표현’이 갖는 사회학적 의미를 알아보고, 둘째, ‘혐오표현의 규제’와 ‘표현의 자유’의 한계를 고찰하는 데 있다. 본 연구의 연구방법은 첫째, 사회적 마이너리티에 대한 차별적 ‘혐오표현’이 갖는 사회학적 의미에 대해서 차별적 ‘혐오표현’의 대상이 되는 사회적 마이너리티의 개념 및 마이너리티의 조건 등을 관련연구를 통해 분석하였다. 둘째, ‘혐오표현의 규제’와 ‘표현의 자유’의 한계에 대해서는 (1) 명시적 차별표현과 명시적인 차별적 ‘혐오표현’은 아니지만 차별적 관계에 대한 사례, (2) 외국에 있어서 차별적 ‘혐오표현’과 이에 대한 규제 옹호론과 규제 반대론, 그리고 (3) 차별적 ‘혐오표현’ 규제 관련 법률, 조약 등을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 논의에서는 그동안 쟁점이 되어 온 ‘혐오표현의 제재’ vs ‘표현의 자유’ 논쟁을 중심으로 차별적 ‘혐오표현’ 규제의 제도적 한계를 논의함으로써 우리 사회가 간과하고 있는 사회적 마이너리티의 인권 및 평등권에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to (1)examine sociological meanings of discriminatory ‘hate speech’ in social minorities and (2)review limitations of ‘regulation of discriminatory speech’ and ‘freedom of speech’. The methodology of the study was as follows. First, the concept and conditions of social minorities that become a target of ‘discriminatory speech’ were analyzed by related researches to examine sociological meanings of discriminatory ‘hate speech’ in social minorities. Second, to examine the limitations of ‘regulation of discriminatory speech’ and ‘freedom of speech’, (1)cases of explicitly discriminatory speech and cases of discriminatory relationship although not explicitly discriminatory ‘hate speech’ were investigated. (2)Previous researches on discriminatory ‘hate speech’ in foreign countries and pro-regulation and anti-regulation were reviewed. (3)Regulatory laws and treaties for discriminatory ‘hate speech’ were analyzed. This study discussed institutional limitations of regulating discriminatory speech with its focus on disputes about ‘punishment for discriminatory speech’ vs ‘freedom of speech’ that have become an issue for long time to expand discussion on human rights and equality of social minorities that have been overlooked in this society.
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