중국의 대미균형을 위한 다극화전략: -소프트 파워, 다자주의, 자원외교를 중심으로―
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Recently China has adopted very strong responses to U.S. pressure for yuan exchange rate appreciation as well as to Japan for territorial dispute. Does the aggressive behavior of China to the United States mean a fundamental change of Chinese foreign policy toward the U.S.? Does China really challenge the U.S. dominating existing international order on the basis of the rapid growth of national capabilities? In order to explain such behavioral changes of China toward the U.S., this study analyzes the report of 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party which determines the Chinese foreign policy as well as the practical application of the Chinese foreign policy by investigating behavior and diplomacy of China implemented toward African, Central Asian, and Latin American countries. The results of both literature studies of the report that 17th National Congress of the CCP and empirical case studies focusing on Chinese behavior and foreign policies towards Africa, Central Asia, and Latin America clearly show that China has opposed the U.S. hegemony and pursued a multipolar international order in an equal status with the U.S. by adopting soft power strategy in the Africa, by utilizing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Central Asia, and by focusing on resource diplomacy in Latin America. This means that China has attempted to check and balance the United States through a variety of strategies for the pursuit of a multipolar international order. However, at the present time, China has not been pursuing hard balancing strategy against the U.S. through rapid military buildup as well as military alliances. It is confirmed that China currently emphasizes and pursues a multipolar international order by adopting such soft balancing strategies as soft power, multilateralism and resource diplomacy against the United States.
Abstract
Recently China has adopted very strong responses to U.S. pressure for yuan exchange rate appreciation as well as to Japan for territorial dispute. Does the aggressive behavior of China to the United States mean a fundamental change of Chinese foreign policy toward the U.S.? Does China really challenge the U.S. dominating existing international order on the basis of the rapid growth of national capabilities? In order to explain such behavioral changes of China toward the U.S., this study analyzes the report of 17th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party which determines the Chinese foreign policy as well as the practical application of the Chinese foreign policy by investigating behavior and diplomacy of China implemented toward African, Central Asian, and Latin American countries. The results of both literature studies of the report that 17th National Congress of the CCP and empirical case studies focusing on Chinese behavior and foreign policies towards Africa, Central Asia, and Latin America clearly show that China has opposed the U.S. hegemony and pursued a multipolar international order in an equal status with the U.S. by adopting soft power strategy in the Africa, by utilizing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Central Asia, and by focusing on resource diplomacy in Latin America. This means that China has attempted to check and balance the United States through a variety of strategies for the pursuit of a multipolar international order. However, at the present time, China has not been pursuing hard balancing strategy against the U.S. through rapid military buildup as well as military alliances. It is confirmed that China currently emphasizes and pursues a multipolar international order by adopting such soft balancing strategies as soft power, multilateralism and resource diplomacy against the United States.
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