지체중복장애 학생의 의사소통 의도성 확장을 위한 ‘의사소통 루틴 형성 전략’ 참여실행연구
A Participatory Action Research on ‘Communication Routine Strategy’ for Expanding Intentional Communication Repertoire of Students with Physical and Multiple Disabilities
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초록
연구목적: 이 연구는 전의도적 의사소통 수준 지체중복장애 학생과의 의사소통 어려움을 해결하기 위한 시도로써, 이들의 의사소통 교육을 위한 실제적인 교수 전략을 개발하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구방법: 이를 위해 이 연구에서는 연구자가 재직하고 있는 학교의 학생들을 대상으로 ‘현장 개선 프로그램 개발 중심의 실행연구 절차’를 기반으로 참여실행연구를 진행하였다. 구체적인 실천 전략 구안을 위해 포괄적 문헌 분석을 실시하였고, 수집된 자료는 삼각검증으로 분석하고 해석하여 ‘의사소통 루틴 형성 전략’을 구안하였다. 구안된 전략은 전의도적 의사소통 수준 지체중복장애 학생 2명을 대상으로 각각 5회기에 걸친 사례 적용 과정을 통해 수정·보완하였다. 연구결과: 그 결과 ‘의사소통 루틴 형성 전략’의 구조와 주요 요소별 현장적용 방안 등이 구체화되었다. 구조는 크게 유관행동 형성 단계와 의도성 확장 단계로 구분되었다. 주요 요소는 ‘학생 주도 교수, 학생에 대한 믿음과 존중, 학생의 행동상태, 학생을 위한 환경, 학생과의 첫 만남, 교사 제안하기, 교사 기다리기, 거부 행동에 대한 대처, 교사 유관반응, 학생 유관행동, 차례주고받기, 루틴 상호작용, 루틴의 확장, 학생 행동의 의미 찾기’로 구체화되었다. 결론: 이러한 의사소통 루틴 형성 전략은 지체중복장애 학생에게 초점화된 교수 전략으로써 종합적이고, 과정 중심적이며, 구체화된 교수 전략이라는 특징을 가지고 있다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an effective and highly field-applicable communication strategy for students with physical and multiple disabilities. Method: A comprehensive literature review was conducted based on peer-reviewed academic literature. As a result, a ‘Communication Routine Strategy’ was devised as one of the perlocutionary communication teaching strategies for students with pre-intentional communication stages with physical and multiple disabilities. In the participatory action research case application, the researcher directly applied the Communication Routine Strategy to the practice thereby confirming the revisions and supplementations of the strategy. Case applications were conducted for two 3rd and 5th grade elementary school students with physical and multiple disabilities. Results: The final Communication Routine Strategy was divided into a stage for forming contingent behavior and a stage for expanding intentional communication. Fourteen elements of the Communication Routine Strategy were included. Conclusion: In addition, the Communication Routine Strategy is a teaching strategy focused on students with physical and multiple disabilities and is characterized by a multicomponent, process-based, and concrete teaching strategy.
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