두보 시안 평론 고찰

Abstract

‘The Eye of Poem’ is a word that refers to the most excellent letter, word, or paragraph in a poem. Dufu was proficient at strengthening the meaning and artistry of a poem by using the eye of poem. In the viewpoint of the later critics, the inquiry of the eye of poem was Dufu’s key method of creation, so Dufu’‘s poetry became not only important texts for the eye of poem, but also the criteria of discussing the characteristics and effects of the eye of poem. Moreover, Dufu’s poetry was mostly mentioned even when discussing evils of the eye of poem. Starting from the perspective in which Dufu was the origin of the eye of poem in China, this thesis reviewed Dufu’s poetic dictions the later critics evaluated as the eye of poem, and also considered the characteristics and nature of Dufu’s eye of poem they thought. The criticism by the precious critics paid attention to the effects of Dufu’s eye of poem in two perspectives. First, the major point was clearly delivered in the scene mixed with narrative, comment, and lyricism. In this case, the eye of poem did not have to be a brilliant letter as an ordinary and commonly-used word was viewed to function as the eye of poem. There were no restrictions on the amount of letters or precedents, so a whole paragraph was even called the eye of poem. Second, the description of scenery showed excellent expressiveness and also created implicative lyricism and aesthetic sense. They captured the effects of the letters with excellent vitality and formativeness that successfully reflected the poet’s feelings into the scenery. The technique of connecting a colored letter with verb or unprecedented composition using dummy verbs was also mentioned as the important characteristics of Dufu’s eye of poem. Yangzai viewed that no more than three eyes of poem should be used within a phrase while holding a relatively flexible position about the amount and position of the eye of poem. It is because the excessive polishing of expressions could damage the natural beauty of poetical style. Huyinglin criticized that Dufu’s method of creation that pursued the eye of poem gave negative influences after the Song Dynasty.