기상변화가 총요소생산성과 국내 경제에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
Investigating the Effects of Meteorological Change on Total Factor Productivity and the Korean Economy
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본 연구는 기업단위 미시자료를 이용하여 기상변화가 총요소생산성과 우리나라 경제에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 우선 통계청의 광업제조업통계조사의 패널자료를 이용하여 Good et al.(1999)이 제안한 방식에 기초하여 총요소생산성을 계산하였다. 그리고 강수량, 냉난방도일 등 기상변수를 활용하여 패널회귀분석을 실시함으로써 기상변화가 총요소생산성에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 여러 산업에서 기상변화가 총요소생산성에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어 기상변화가 국민경제에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 기업단위분석 결과를 기초로 동태적 CGE 모형을 추정함으로써 GDP에 대한 기상변화의 중장기 파급효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과 실질GDP는 총요소생산성이 증가한 경우 대체로 증가하고 반대의 경우 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 기상변화는 장기적으로 GDP를 약 -1.39%에서 5.16%사이의 수준으로 변화시키는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
We analyzed firm-level data to figure out how the meteorological change affects the Korean economy. Using the Mining and Manufacturing survey, we calculated total factor productivity (TFP hereafter) based on the methodology proposed by Good et al.(1999). We ran panel fixed effect regression of TFP on meteorological variables such as precipitation, standard deviation of precipitation, HDD and CDD. From the analysis, we found that meteorological changes significantly affect TFP in several industries. Based on the findings from the TFP study, we estimated dynamic computable general equilibrium(CGE hereafter) model to examine the effect of meteorological change on GDP. Estimating dynamic CGE model, we found first that there is a positive relationship between GDP and TFP and second that changes in TFP affect GDP by-1.39 to 5.16 percent.
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