영국에서의 범죄피해자에 대한 경제적 지원제도의 현황과 시사점 - 범죄피해보상제도를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The United Kingdom’s implementation of policies that encompass various forms of economic support, including our victim compensation scheme, is noteworthy. The UK has long established a victim compensation scheme and streamlined related legislation, operating a victim-friendly structure that is considered one of the most generous compensation schemes in the world. Through an examination of the UK system, the following key points can be identified. First, the broad scope and eligibility for compensation are notable. The UK's victim compensation scheme is designed to provide compensation for victims of crimes falling under the category of violent crime, even if the injuries sustained are not categorized as severe, as long as they reach a certain threshold of harm. Additionally, by incorporating all forms of economic support within the framework of the crime victim compensation scheme, it is designed to enable a uniform and systematic form of support. Second, active support is provided to both domestic and international crime victims. The UK's system is structured to qualify for compensation, regardless of nationality, for victims with a fixed address within the country. Third, the criteria for compensation are highly detailed and clear. Given the wide range of compensation recipients, unclear criteria could hinder the efficient operation of the system. The UK's crime victim compensation plan distinguishes and classifies the extent of physical and mental injuries in a specific and clear manner, ensuring the establishment of a systematic compensation scheme based on the degree of harm.