사회 참여형 학습인식과 이문화 소통 역량: 지방 사립대 중국인 유학생을 중심으로
Socially Engaged Learning and Intercultural Communicative Competencies: Perceptions of Chinese Students in a Local Private University
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본 연구는 유학의 궁극적 목적이 학위 및 학업성취 외에 이문화에 대한 소통 역량 향상에 있다고 보고, 이문화 소통 역량(Inter-Cultural Communicative Competency: ICC)을 촉진시킬 수 있는 교수·학습 전략에 대하여 탐구하였다. 이에 학습에서의 사회적 측면을 강조한 이론들을 바탕으로 도출된 ‘사회 참여형 학습’(Socially Engaged Learning: SEL) 전략이 외국인 유학생의 이문화 소통 역량에 어느 정도 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. SEL 전략은 Bandura의 사회학습이론, Vygotsky, Leont'ev, Engeström의 문화역사적 활동이론, Lave와 Wenger의 상황학습이론을 기반으로 도출되었으며, 4가지 하위 요인 1) 점진적 몰입 전략, 2) 풍부한 학습 맥락 전략, 3) 자기주도 학습 전략, 4) 의사소통 기술의 통합 전략에 관한 항목들로 구성되었다. 지방 사립대학 외국인 유학생 157명을 대상으로 이문화 소통 역량 및 사회 참여형 교수학습 전략에 대한 인식을 조사하였다. 연구 결과 외국인 유학생들은 제시된 SEL 전략에 대해 긍정적 반응을 보인 가운데 ‘교수자가 학생들의 이해수준과 능력을 고려하고 이들이 한국의 교육과정에 점진적으로 몰입해 갈 수 있는 전략’ 관련 항목들을 높게 평가하였다. 이문화 소통 역량의 하위요인 중에서는 적절한 의사소통 능력을 비교적 높게 평가하였고, 한국어를 전공역량에 적용하는 부분에 대해서 상대적으로 낮게 평가하였다. 마지막으로, 사회 참여형 학습 전략은 이문화 소통역량과 정적 상관관계를 보였으며, 이중 ‘풍부한 맥락 제공’ 전략은 이문화 소통 역량을 예측하는 유의한 변인으로 나타났다.
Abstract
Study abroad students have been increased in South Korea. In spite of the quantitative increase of them, the qualitative support and research for those students in terms of teaching and learning have been lacking relatively. This study regarded the purpose of their study-abroad as not only the academic degree of certificate from the curriculum but also their Inter-cultural Communicative Competencies (ICC). As a result, this study derived the instructional strategies to facilitate their ICC. For this, three learning theories including Bandura’s Social learning Theory, Cultural-historical Activity Theory supported by Vygotsky, Lenteve, and Engestrom, Situational Learning Theory by Lave and Wenger have been reviewed. Four sub constructs of the Socially Engaged Learning(SEL) were 1) gradual engagement, 2) rich cultural context, 3) self-regulated strategies, and 3) integration of information technology. The participants of the study was 157 college students who were enrolled in a local private university. The result of study indicated that they recognized the socially engaged learning strategies importantly for their academic performance. Especially, they presented the strategies regarding the gradual engagement with relatively high priority because those strategies focused on the adjusted facilitation in the students’ level and learning style. In regard to participants’ ICC, they perceived high level of ICC, especially in the items of proper communication. On the other hand, they perceived they are relatively weak in the competency to apply their Korean language skills in their professional filed. Lastly, the study revealed the positive relation between their ICC level and SEL perception. The provision of rich cultural contexts were recognized as a meaningful variable to predict their ICC level. This study would be useful for instructors and advisors of study-abroad students to apply the results in to their teaching and facilitating support.
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