「생각하는 사람」에 나타난 소외와 합리화
Alienation and Rationalization in “The Thinker”
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
셔우드 앤더슨은 「생각하는 사람」에서 세스가 습관적인 침묵에 빠져서 자신의 내적 감정을 적절하게 표현하지 못하고 내면화하며 스스로를 공동체로부터 소외시키지만, 끊임없이 자신을 합리화하는 과정을 통해 그로테스크의 모순과 한계를 보여준다. 세스는 자신과는 달리 모든 사람과 자유롭게 이야기하며 마을의 정신을 대변하는 조지를 부러워하지만, 조지가 떠벌리는 이상적인 작가의 삶과 예술관을 들으며 다른 주민들과 마찬가지로 조지 역시 말만 앞세우는 인물로 분류한다. 소외감과 좌절감에 사로잡힌 그는 헬렌과의 산책을 통해 잠시 낭만적인 분위기에서 그녀와의 사랑을 상상하지만 꿈을 현실로 만드는데 실패한다. 그는 내면의 감정을 표현하지 못하고 그녀가 말이 많은 조지와 결혼할 것이라고 말하며 자신의 행동을 합리화시킨다. 아이러니하게도 그는 ‘생각이 깊은 사람’이 아니라 단지 자신이 비난했던 ‘말을 많이 하는 사람’에 불과하기 때문에 그녀와의 낭만적인 모험을 위한 기회를 잃어버리고 서로를 이해할 수 있는 가능성마저 없애버린 것이다.
Abstract
In “The Thinker” Seth falls into a habitual silence and fails to properly express his inner feelings. Instead he shows the contradictions and limitations of the grotesque, and constantly rationalizes his own behavior. Seth feels irritated with George, who, unlike himself, speaks freely with the townspeople and speaks for the spirit of the village. But he internalizes the impact and does not express his feelings of anger outwardly. Caught with a sense of alienation and frustration, Seth briefly imagines his love for Helen White in a romantic context, but fails to make his dream a reality. Instead of expressing his true feelings of love, he emphasizes his own importance and brags in an effort to leave a deep impression, using superficial and exaggerated words. He rationalizes his actions by failing to express his inner feelings and saying she will marry talkative George. Ironically, he is not a thinking person but merely a speaker of words he himself criticized, thus losing the opportunity for a romantic adventure with her and eliminating the possibility of understanding each other.
참고문헌 (22)
- Anderson, David D., "Critical Essays on Sherwood Anderson" (1981), G. K. Hall
- Anderson, Sherwood, "Winesburg, Ohio: Text and Criticism" (1976), Viking Press
- Atlas, Marilyn Judith, "Critical Essays on Sherwood Anderson" (1981), G.K. Hall
- Auchincloss, Elizabeth L., "Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts" (2012), American Psychoanalytic Association
- Bidney, Martin, "Anderson and the Androgyne: ‘Something More Than Man or Woman’", Studies in Short Fiction, 25, pp.261~273 (1988)
- Bowden, Edwin T., "The Dungeon of the Heart: Human Isolation and the American Novel" (1961), Macmillan
- Burbank, Rex J., "Sherwood Anderson" (1964), College Press
- Ciancio, Ralph, "The Sweetness of the Twisted Apples: Unity of Vision in Winesburg, Ohio", PMLA, 87, pp.994~1006 (1972)
- Colquitt, Clare, "New Essays on Winesburg", pp.73~97 (1990), Cambridge University Press
- Conner, Marc C., "Fathers and Sons: Winesburg, Ohio and the Revision of Modernism", Studies in American Fiction, 29, pp.209~238 (2001)
- Crowley, John W., "New Essays on Winesburg" (1990), Cambridge University Press
- Dunne, Robert, "A New Book of the Grotesques: Contemporary Approaches to Sherwood Anderson’s Early Fiction" (2005), Kent State University Press
- Fussell, Edwin, "Winesburg, Ohio: Art and Isolation", Modern Fiction Studies, 6, pp.106~114 (1960)
- Howe, Irving, "Sherwood Anderson" (1951), William Sloane Associates
- Juan, Epifanio San, "Vision and Reality: A Reconsideration of Sherwood Anderson’s Winesburg, Ohio", American Literature, 35, pp.137~155 (1963)
- Lears, T. J. Jackson, "The Power of Culture: Critical Essays in American History" (1993), The University of Chicago Press
- Love, Glen A., "Winesburg, Ohio: the Rhetoric of Silence", American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography, 40, pp.38~57 (1968)
- Papinchak, Robert Allen, "Sherwood Anderson: A Study of the Short Fiction" (1992), Twayne Publishers
- Rideout, Walter B., "Sherwood Anderson: A Collection of Critical Essays" (1974), Prentice-Hall
- Simolke, Duane, "Gender, Isolation, and Industrialism: New Readings of Winesburg" (1999), iUniverse.com, Inc.
- White, Ray Lewis, "Winesburg Ohio: An Exploration" (1990), Twayne Publishers
- Yerkes, Andrew Corey, "Strange Fevers, Burning Within: The Neurology of Winesburg, Ohio", Philosophy and Literature, 35, pp.199~215 (2012)