西周分封制中自然环境引发的文化和地缘政治危机
The Crises of Different Cultures and Geopolitics Influenced by the Environmental Factors in Western Zhou’s Enfeoffment
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
西周的分封有两个主要目的：一是为了持久且深入地经略灭掉殷商以后而获得的东土；二是通过分封，实现扼守四夷，保证西周国家安全的目的。但受生态地理环境因素的影响，分封也引发出两个问题：一是，分封促生了多元政治文化，进而出现核心价值观念异化，给带王朝内部来了文化上的离心力，郑、卫“乱世之音”的产生、不同地区出土的器物特点很好的说明了这一点。二是，分封形成诸侯国与中央政权在空间地理上的分离，加速了不同地缘政治中心的形成，西周中后期开始，诸侯僭越屡屡出现；同时，军事力量上的分散也造成王室地区安全保障力大大下降，中央政权的稳固和安全受到严重威胁。西周历史发展进程表明，后者对西周的统治产生了巨大影响，周人的东迁就与分封导致的力量分散、西部边界地区防守薄弱有直接关系。
Abstract
The enfeoffment of the Western Zhou Dynasty had two main objectives: one was to enduringly and deeply supervise eastern regions obtained from Shang dynasty; the other was to safeguard its border and guarantee internal security. But because of the geographical environment factors,the enfeoffment system also had contributed to two questions: the first was enfeoffment promoted pluralistic political culture, and this produced the alienation of core values, brought culture centrifugal force to the dynasty, the "degenerate and vulgar culture "in Zheng (郑) and Wei (卫), as well as different features of the archaeological discovery in different regions demonstrate this. The Second was enfeoffment caused the geographical separation between the seigniors and the central government, and accelerated the formation of different geopolitical centers, seigniors arrogation frequently occurred at the later of Western Zhou Dynasty; likewise, dis-centralization of its military power also caused security force in the Royal region greatly reduced, posed a threat to both the royal safety and the stability of state. The historical development process shows that the second factor has had a huge impact on Western Zhou dynasty’s rule, due to the military power dispersion and the weak defense in the western border region, at fall of Zhou Dynasty, its capital had to move eastward to Luoyi(洛邑).
참고문헌 (48)
- "四库全书存目丛书" (1995), 齐鲁出版社
- "史记" (1982), 中华书局
- "汉书" (1982), 中华书局
- 左丘明, "春秋经传集解"
- 郑玄, "周礼注疏" (2010), 上海古籍出版社
- 朱熹, "诗集传" (2011), 中华书局
- 吴骞辑, "诗谱补正后订" (1922), 上海博古斋
- 左丘明, "春秋经传集解" (1997), 中华书局
- 孙星衍, "尚书今古文疏" (1986), 中华书局
- 王先谦, "荀子集解" (1988), 中华书局
- 王夫, "读通鉴论" (1975), 中华书局
- 顾栋高, "春秋大事表" (1993), 中华书局
- "中国考古学: 两周卷" (2004), 中国社会科学出版社
- 葛志毅, "西周分封制度研究" (2005), 黑龙江人民出版社
- 顾颉刚, "尚书校释译论" (2005), 中华书局
- 唐兰, "西周青铜器铭文历代史征" (1986), 中华书局
- 马银琴, "两周史诗" (2006), 社会科学文献出版社
- 范祥雍, "古本竹书纪年辑校订补" (2011), 上海古籍出版社
- 徐元浩, "国语集解" (2002), 中华书局
- 杨宽, "西周史" (2003), 上海人民出版社
- 王玉哲, "中华远古史" (2003), 上海人民出版社
- 吴则虞, "晏子春秋集释" (1962), 中华书局
- 李学勤, "十三经注疏ㆍ礼记正义" (1999), 北京大学出版社
- 张荫麟, "中国史纲" (2010), 陕西师范大学出版社
- 陈奇猷, "吕氏春秋新校释" (2002), 上海古籍出版社
- 许倬云, "万古江河" (2006), 上海文艺出版社
- 许倬云, "西周史" (2001), 三联书店
- 黄怀信, "逸周书汇校集注" (2007), 上海古籍出版社
- 丹纳, "艺术哲学" (2007), 天津社会科学院出版社
- 李峰, "西周的政体" (2010), 三联书店
- 郭沫若, "青铜时代" (2005), 中国人民大学出版社
- 柳宗元, "柳河东集" (1993), 上海古籍出版社
- 李旦初, "｢国风｣的地域性流派", 『山西大学学报』 (哲学社会科学版) (1994)
- 李伯谦, "关于早期夏文化 -从夏商周王朝更迭与考古学文化变迁的关系谈起", 中原文物 (2000)
- 李绍连, "试论西周实行分封制的前因后果", 中州学刊 (1998)
- 商艳涛, "西周军事铭文研究" (2013), 华南理工大学出版社
- 常征, "释“六师”, 兼述西周王朝武装部队", 河北大学学报 (1981)
- 徐中舒, "禹鼎的年代及其相关问题", 考古学报 (1953)
- 孙作云, "说豳在西周时代为北方军事重镇", 河南师大学报 (1983)
- 杨建华, "商周时期中国北方冶金区的形成", 边疆考古研究 (2007)
- 杨玉玲, "文化认同: 最坚固的国防", 光明日报, ~ (2005)
- 吴晓松, "湖北蕲春达城新屋塆窖藏青铜器及相关问题的研究", 文物 (1997)
- 王国维, "观堂集林 卷十" (1959), 中华书局
- 王钧林, "鲁文化的来源与特点", 齐鲁文化研究, 4 (2005)
- 張强, "攻守的不断转换 : 生态环境因素对周人和西北戎族之间战争的影响", 중국사연구, (94), pp.1~29 (2015), 중국사학회
- 張强, "生态环境视野下的周代农田耕作方式", 역사와 세계, 46, pp.259~280 (2014), 효원사학회
- 张亚初, "论鲁台山西周墓的年代与族属", 江汉考古 (1984)
- 齐思和, "封建制度与儒家思想", 燕京学报, 22 (1943), 燕京大学, 哈佛燕京学社出版社