젠보짠(翦伯贊)의 역사주의를 통해 본 중국 마르크스주의 역사학 형성의 내적 구조

Abstract

Chinese marxist historiography facilitated its institutionalization in the process of trying to demonstrate the universality of Chinese history and enlighten the path of the revolution through the debate of social history in 1930s, but the propensity of simplification and dogmatism was also embedded in its intellectual structure. The tension inherent in the internal structure of Chinese marxist historiography, such as close relationship with real politics and the possibility of overwhelming influence on the revolution heightened from the period of Great Leap Forward finally ruptured at the time of Cultural Revolution. This was made clear in criticism toward the historicism camp lead by Qi Benyu of the red flag camp. Jian Bozan, a typical scholar-cum- bureaucrat, was the target of the basting. During the debate of social history in 1930s, Jian Bozan indicated some perspective of historicism by emphasizing strict application of the materials. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he elaborated his perspective to the extent to explain Chinese pre-modern history and the Peasants' War in accordance with concession policy theory and objected to interpret the Chinese history in terms of conventional class viewpoint. His approach was referred as historicism and branded as bourgeois history by the historians who emphasized class viewpoint. However, historicism had a historical significance to have potential to balance the limits of dogmatism and simplification of the marxist historiography by provoking the institutional and intellectual tension of marxist historiography.