영국 지역정책 변화 동향과 우리나라에의 시사점
Paradigm Shifts in the Regional Policy of the UK National Government and the Implications for the Korean Context
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본 연구는 1990년대 이후에 나타난 중앙정부 지역정책의 패러다임 변화를 논의하였다. 특히, 지역정책의 발상지인 영국에서 1928년부터 2000년대까지 전개되어온 중앙정부의 지역정책 변화를 살펴보되 최근 10년간의 동향에 초점을 맞추었다. 최근 10년간의 주요 변화는 지역격차 완화를 위해 규제와 지원을 통해 산업과 인구의 공간분포를 변형시키고자 하는 중앙정부의 개입주의적인 하향식 지역정책이 지역경쟁력 강화와 그것을 위한 지역발전의 분권화를 추진하는 지역정책으로 전환하고 있다는 것이다. 그리고 그러한 전환 속에서도 영국 중앙정부는 지역격차 완화를 계속 추구해오고 있다. 또한 본고는 영국 중앙정부의 지역정책 변화가 대내외 환경 변화 속에서 우리나라 중앙정부의 향후 지역정책 방향 설정에 던져주는 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study discusses the paradigm shifts in the regional policies of national governmentswhich many countries have witnessed since the 1990s. Particularly, the study examines thehistorical trajectory which the regional policy of the UK national government has experienced untilthe 2000s since 1928 when the regional policy was implemented for the first time in the world,focusing on the recent trends after the mid-1990s. In the recent decade, the UK nationalgovernment has shifted the focus of its regional policy towards the regional competitiveness andthe devolved approach to regional development, from the interventionist top-down transformationof the spatial distribution of businesses and population via regulations and incentives for reducing
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