인물하니와(人物埴輪)에 나타난 복식(服飾)의 변천과 특징- 한일 고대 복식 관계를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The objective of this article is to analyze the changes in Ancient Japanese costume and its features that were represented in human-shaped Haniwa. This study also considered the correlation between the costume of Ancient Korea and Japan through human-shaped Haniwa. The creation of human-shaped haniwa began in Kinki region, however more than 70% of haniwa existing today were found in Kanto region and date from the middle of the 5th century to the middle of the 6th century. Human-shaped haniwa feature the costume of the time. Female haniwa universally include a two-piece outfit (skirt and coat) and wear a hair accessory on their head. Male haniwa have mijeula style hair and dress in two pieces of clothing (pants and coat). In addition, a simple type of clothing consisting of a large piece of cloth with a hole in the middle for the head (gwandu formed costume) appeared in early human-shaped haniwa. This study examined Japan’s relationship with Korea through out the costumes that represents in human-shaped Haniwa. In terms of the cross closing seen in the clothing, Korea shows left closing and this was changed into right closing. Human-shaped haniwa usually showed left closing, so it's possible to say that this was changed from left to right. In the case of collar, a wrapped style in the front with a V-shaped neckline (sulyeong) is featured in the Goguryeo tomb mural, and also featured in the Takamatsu tomb mural in Japan. For pants worn by men, the bottom part is tied up in the Goguryeo tomb mural, while human-shaped Haniwa have ties at the knee. For skirts worn by women, a thick vertical crease was common. In terms of accessories, it was very common for these to be made of gold or curved jade. These aspects can be considered as showing how the development of Japanese costumes were influenced by Korea.