인구감소 고령화지역의 소매판매활동 특성
Characteristics of Retail Sale Activities in Depopulation Aging Regions
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본 연구는 인구감소 고령화지역에서의 소매판매활동 특성을 고령화 정도와 관련시켜 고찰하는 것을 목적으로한다. 분석결과 고령화 사회·고령사회는 유사한 주요 소매판매업종을 구성하는데 대해 초 고령사회는 다른 지역과 달리 주요 업종수도 적고, 업종구성도 다르게 나타난다. 이와 같은 특성에서 고령화가 심할수록 사업체당 종사자수와 인구 1인당 연간판매액은 적어지지만 사업체 밀도는 높게 나타나는데, 이는 농산어촌지역에 소매업사업체가 분산·입지하기 때문이고, 고령사회·초 고령사회에서의 노동생산성이 높은 소매구조의 배경은 사업체당 종사자수가 적은데서기인한 것이다. 인구감소 고령화지역에서 높은 판매액의 구성비를 나타내는 종합소매업, 연료소매업, 음식료품 및 담배소매업에 대해 수급의 정도를 파악한 결과, 먼저 종합소매업은 고령·초 고령사회에서, 연료소매업은 대체로 판매액이 적은 고령·초 고령사회에서, 음식료품 및 담배소매업은 초 고령사회에서 ‘수급균형지역’으로 나타난다. 그리고 고령화의 정도가높을수록 수급의 지역 간 격차는 작은데, 이는 지역 간의 구매력의 차이에서 기인한 것이다.
Abstract
The aim of this study is to consider the degree of supply-demand balance in relation to thecharacteristics of retail sale activities in depopulation aging regions and the degree of aging by usingsimple regression analysis. The major findings of this study are as follows. While aging society, and agedsociety regions show a similar major retail sale industries, super-aged society shows fewer major industriesand different industry composition. These characteristics are seen by different phenomenon and thebackground of the particular retail structure. The first one is that the number of employees per establishmentincreases when the aging phenomenon is not accelerated, and the annual sales per capita purchasingpower decrease because their purchasing power becomes lower when the aging phenomenon is severe, butit also shows a high density of establishments because disperse location of establishment within depopulationaging region. The second one is the retail structure with high labor productivity in a aged and superagedsociety region. We identify the extent of demand and supply in general retails, fuel retails, food and beverage, and tobaccoretails which represent the highest sales rates in depopulation aging region. As a result, generalretails are seen as ‘supply-demand balance region’ in aged and super-aged society, fuel retail sales in agedand super-aged society which generally shows less sales, and food and beverages, and tobacco retails in super-aged society. The higher the degree of aging is, the less the regional differences in the gap betweendemand and supply is. This is because the difference in purchasing power between these regions is small.
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