성찰의 재개념화: 역량중심 관점
Competency Based Re-conceptualization of Reflection
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초록
학습은 개인 역량개발의 원동력이며 성찰은 학습을 성과로 연결시키는 핵심 기제이다. 급격하게 변화하는 조직 환경에서 체험하는 다양한 경험과 습득한 지식을 현장에 적용하여 성과를 내고 역량 향상으로 이어지게 하는 과정에서 성찰은 필수적이다. 이에 본 연구는 인적자원개발 관점에서 개인의 성찰 능력을 향상시키기 위해서는 성찰을 어떤 관점에서 이해해야 하는지를 규명하기 위해 성찰에 관한 기존 연구들을 종합적으로 분석하고 비판적으로 재구성하였다. 지금까지 성찰은 주로 고차원적 사고로 인식하는 인지중심 관점에서 연구되어 왔고 이는 성찰의 인식론적 기반에 관한 이해를 확장시켜 준다는 점에서 의의가 있었으나, 직무환경에서 탁월한 성과를 내고 성공적인 성찰을 수행하는 개인의 행동특성을 밝히지 못함으로써 개인의 성찰능력을 향상시키는데 근본적인 한계점이 있었다. 이러한 인지중심 성찰 관점에 대한 대안으로 본 연구에서는 역량중심 관점을 제시하였다. 성찰을 성찰역량으로 재개념화하고 특정 맥락과 상황에 적절하게 상호작용함으로써 탁월한 성찰을 수행하는 개인의 내적인 특성으로 정의하였다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 향후 성찰 연구와 성찰 능력개발의 방향을 제언하였다.
Abstract
Reflection is one of the critical core mechanisms in transforming learning into performance. In the rapidly changing organizational environment, reflection is an essential process in understanding various experiences and knowledge, applying those experiences and knowledge to problem solving, and utilizing them for personal development. This study was conducted to comprehensively and critically analyze the concept of reflection and suggest a new way of understanding on reflection from the perspective of competency. Reflection was traditionally understood from the cognitive perspective, which is perceived as higher-order thinking. This perspective extended the epistemological foundation of reflection, but could not identify behavioral characteristics of the individuals who performed reflection extraordinarily in the organizational context. This study explored an alternative perspective of reflection based on the concept of competency. For this purpose reflection was re-conceptualized as a reflection competency and defined as ‘the underlying characteristics of an individual to perform outstanding reflection by appropriately interacting with a specific context and situation’. Based on the competency perspective of reflection, implications for future research and developing reflection ability were suggested.
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