전문성 연구 문헌의 비판적 고찰 - 성과, 한계, 그리고 HRD 함의-
Critical Review of the Literature on Expertise Research : Outcomes, Limitations, and Implications for HRD
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참고문헌
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초록
이 연구는 과거 전문성 연구 문헌의 성과와 한계를 규명함으로써 HRD 이론과 실천에의 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전문성 관련 대표적인 단행본 5편과 국내 논문 16편, 외국 논문 51편을 검토하였다. 국내 논문은 ‘전문가’와 ‘전문성’을 1차 검색어로, ‘expert'를 2차 검색어로 하여 도출되었고, 외국 논문은 ’expert'와 ‘expertise'를 1차 검색어로, 논의 주제 관련어를 2차 검색어로 하여 도출되었다. 연구 결과, 전문성 개념은 퍼포먼스의 결과뿐만 아니라 요소, 과정을 포함하고, 전문성의 사회적 의미는 영역 포괄적인 능력으로 변화하였다. 또한 전문성은 다양한 구성 요소 간 역동적인 상호작용에 의해 발현되는 행위로서 상황적 요인의 영향으로 인해 발달 과정은 비선형적이고, 전문성을 지속적으로 개발하기 위해서는 의도된 집중적 실천이 요구되었다. 연구 결과에 기초한 HRD시사점으로 이론적 측면에서는 현대적 의미의 전문성 개념과 구성요소 이해 등을 제안하였고, 실천적 측면에서는 실제 조직현장에서 전문성 개발을 위한 인간수행공학적 접근 전략 등을 제안하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to critically review the expertise literature in order to examine outcomes and limitations of those research and draw upon some implications for HRD theory and practice. For doing so, 5 books and 67 articles written by domestic and foreign researchers were selected and reviewed. Key words as 'expert', 'expertise', and so on were used to select some related articles from both domestic and foreign journals. The results of those literature review were as follows. The concept of 'expertise' includes performance elements and process as well as performance outcomes. As the nature of expertise is basically complex and dynamic, the development characteristic of expertise is not linear. In addition, deliberate practice were recognized as strong influence factor for developing human excellent expertise. These results were discussed to draw upon several implications for HRD theory and practice.
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