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시나리오 접근법을 통한 전략적 CSR과 자선적 CSR의 인지적 해석이 조직매력도와 입사제안 수용의도에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Cognitive Interpretation of Strategic and Philanthropic CSRs on Organizational Attractiveness and Job-Offer Acceptance Intention: A Scenario Approach

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초록

CSR이 기업 내부의 이해관계자인 조직구성원에게 어떠한 메커니즘을 통해 인식되고 해석되는지를 규명한 연구는 거시수준 연구에 비해 상대적으로 미흡하다. 특히 전략적 CSR 인식의 효과성에 대한 실증연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 신호이론 및 사회정체성 이론, 행동윤리학적 접근을 토대로 지각된 CSR 유형이 CSR 인지과정을 매개로 조직 친화적 태도인 조직매력도와 입사제안 수용의도를 향상시킬 것으로 가설을 설정하였다. 연구 가설을 검증하기 위해 조직의 다양한 이해관계자 중 조직구성원을 가정하여 잠재적 지원자인 대학생 185명을 대상으로 실증 분석하였다. 대학생들의 경우 조직에 대한 경험이 거의 없다는 점을 감안하여 독립변수인 CSR 유형을 전략적 CSR과 자선적 CSR 시나리오, CSR을 실행하지 않는 시나리오로 구분하여 접근하였다. 시나리오 접근법을 통해 응답자들은 자신의 주관적 CSR에 대해 응답하지 않고 자신에게 할당된 세 가지 CSR 시나리오를 읽고 각 CSR 유형에 대해 평가하도록 설계하였다. 분석결과 CSR 유형에 따라 조직 친화적 태도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것을 확인하였다. 더불어 가설과 달리 자선적 CSR을 실행하는 조직에 비해 전략적 CSR을 실행하는 조직에서 CSR 인지과정이 더욱 활성화 되었으며, 조직 친화적 태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 확인하였다. 부트스트래핑을 통한 매개효과검증 결과에서도 자선적 CSR을 실행하는 기업 대비 전략적 CSR을 실행하는 기업에서 오히려 CSR 인지과정이 조직 친화적 태도와의 관계를 더 강하게 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 CSR 유형에 대한 인지적 해석이 조직 친화적 태도 형성에 미치는 시사점 등을 제시하였다.

Abstract

CSR activities have been shown critical to the sustainable growth of the firm in a number of studies. However, only few studies have investigated how CSR is perceived and interpreted by organizational members, which are internal stakeholders, compared to the macro level studies. In particular, strategic CSR has never been studied empiri- cally on the effectiveness of its cognitive interpretation by organizational members. This study hypothesized that based on signal theory, social identity theory and beha- vioral ethics, philanthropic and strategic CSRs would increase organizational attracti- veness and strengthen job-offer acceptance intention through the cognitive inter- pretation processes of the CSR activities. Empirical data were collected and analyzed from 185 college students who were prospective job applicants of the firm. Given that college students have little job experience, we adopted scenario approach which is expected to help students vividly perceive and interpret CSR activities of the firm. Developed are three types of scenarios: strategic CSR, philanthropic CSR, and no CSR scenarios. After reading each scenario, students responded to the questionnaires regarding their cognitive interpretation of perceived CSR activities and moral awareness, and then, the attractiveness of the organization and the intention to accept job-offer subsequently. The results of the analysis showed statistically significant differences in CSR per- ceptions and moral awareness between CSR types. In addition, the cognitive pro- cesses were significantly more active in the organizational type of strategic CSR than philanthropic CSR. Those cognitive process variables exerted positive effects on organizational attractiveness and job-offer acceptance intention. Based on the empirical findings, managerial implications and future research directions were suggested.

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