본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

기업 특성이 ESG 경영 수준에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

A Study on the Effect of Corporate Characteristics on ESG Management

1

조회

0

다운로드

13

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

본 연구는 기업의 가시성, 기업집단 소속 여부, 그리고 외국인 지분율 등의 기업 특성 변수가 기업의 ESG 경영 수준에 미치는 영향을 살펴본다. 구체적으로 우리는 신제도주의 이론에 근거하여 기업들의 ESG 경영 수준이 사회적 정당성(legitimacy) 획득 동기에 의해 영향을 받을 것이며, 따라서 기업의 가시성의 정도가 기업의 ESG 경영 수준에 정(+)의 영향을 미칠 것을 주장한다. 또한, 기업집단에 소속된 기업과 외국인 지분율이 높은 기업에서의 ESG 경영 수준이 더욱 높게 나타날 것이며, 기업의 가시성이 ESG 경영에 미치는 영향도 더욱 강화될 것이라 주장한다. 2012년부터 2019년까지 코스피(KOSPI) 상장기업 중 한국기업지배구조원(KCGS)에서 ESG 평가등급을 발표한 기업들을 대상으로 실시한 실증분석 결과는 본 연구의 가설을 지지하였다. 기업의 가시성, 기업집단 소속 여부, 그리고 외국인 지분율 수준이 기업의 ESG 경영 수준에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였으며, 기업의 가시성이 ESG 경영 수준에 미치는 영향은 기업집단 소속 여부와 외국인 지분율 수준에 따라서 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 ESG 경영이 기업의 재무성과에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 기존 연구들과는 달리, 기업의 가시성, 기업집단 소속 여부, 외국인 지분율 등 ESG 경영의 주요 결정요인들을 이론적・실증적으로 살펴보고 검증하였다는 점에서 중요한 시사점을 지닌다.

Abstract

This study examines whether and how firm-specific characteristics affect a firm’s ESG management. Drawing on institutional theory, we argue that Korean firms engage in ESG management primarily to acquire the social legitimacy that is associated with it. We hypothesize that a firm’s visibility, business group membership, and level of foreign ownership are positively associated with its ESG management. Further, we hypothesize that the positive association between a firm’s visibility and its ESG management is further strengthened when the firm is affiliated with a business group or when its level of foreign ownership is relatively high. Data on the ESG rating of KOSPI-listed firms produced by the Korea Corporate Governance Service (KCGS) from 2012 to 2019 lend support to our hypotheses. We found that firm size, business group affiliation, and level of foreign ownership are important determinants of both the overall ESG rating of companies and of the three sub-category ratings (environmental, social, governance). We also identified moderating effects of business group affiliation and level of foreign ownership. We believe our study makes important contributions to the ESG literature by providing evidence that social pressure and legitimacy are particularly important determinants of ESG management in Korea.

참고문헌 (68)

  1. "한국TCFD얼라이언스 출범" (2022)[URL]
  2. 기획재정부, "친환경・포용・공정경제로의 대전환을 위한 ESG 인프라 확충 방안" (2021)
  3. 김양민, "ESG 또는 기업의 사회적 책임, 그리고 기업 재무성과: 실증연구 고찰과 향후 발전 방향", 전략경영연구, 24(2), pp.75~114 (2021), 한국전략경영학회[DOI]
  4. 김종희, "기업의 규모별 특성이 사회적 책임과 기업가치 간의 비선형 관계를 유발하는 임계점에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구", 아태비즈니스연구, 11(2), pp.207~233 (2020), 경영경제연구소[DOI]
  5. 민재형, "기업의 지속가능경영 활동이 기업의 장단기적 가치에 미치는 영향", 경영학연구, 44(3), pp.713~735 (2015), 한국경영학회
  6. 박재현, "국내 ESG 연구동향 탐색: 2012~2021년 진행된 국내 학술연구 중심으로", 벤처창업연구, 17(1), pp.191~211 (2022), 한국벤처창업학회[DOI]
  7. 이대현, "최고경영자의 교체가 기업의 사회적 책임활동에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구", 전략경영연구, 23(1), pp.25~47 (2020), 한국전략경영학회[DOI]
  8. 신현한, "최고경영자에 대한 감시자 역할의 변화: 아시아 금융위기를 전후로 한 비교", 전략경영연구, 7(2), pp.1~26 (2004)
  9. "삼성전자 RE100 가입…친환경 경영 속도낸다" (2022)[URL]
  10. 이정기, "“지속가능경영” 연구의 현황 및 발전방향: ESG 평가지표를 중심으로", 전략경영연구, 23(2), pp.65~92 (2020), 한국전략경영학회[DOI]
  11. 임종옥, "ESG 평가정보 및 이익관리가 기업가치에 미치는 영향", 경영교육연구, 31(1), pp.111~139 (2016), 한국경영교육학회
  12. 장호원, "제도적 변화에 대한 기업의 대응과 외국인 투자자의 역할: 외환위기 이후 기업 내부노동시장의 이원화를 중심으로", 국제경영리뷰, 14(3), pp.119~143 (2010), 한국국제경영관리학회
  13. 전국경제인연합회, "국내외 ESG 평가 동향과 시사점, 전국경제인연합회 보도자료", ~ (2021)
  14. "탄소 배출 감축 톱10 기업…CDP 보고서 분석해 보니" (2021)[URL]
  15. Adams, M, "An analysis of corporate donations : United Kingdom evidence", Journal of Management Studies, 35(5), pp.641~654 (1998)
  16. Ballinger, G. A, "Using generalized estimating equations for longitudinal data analysis", Organizational Research Methods, 7(2), pp.127~150 (2004)
  17. Barnett, M. L, "Beyond corporate reputation : Managing reputational interdependence", Corporate Reputation Review, 11(1), pp.1~9 (2008)
  18. Barnett, M. L, "Beyond dichotomy : The curvilinear relationship between social responsibility and financial performance", Strategic Management Journal, 27(11), pp.1101~1122 (2006)
  19. Baron, D. P, "Private politics, corporate social responsibility, and integrated strategy", Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, 10(1), pp.7~45 (2001)
  20. Ben-Amar, W, "Board gender diversity and corporate response to sustainability initiatives : Evidence from the carbon disclosure project", Journal of Business Ethics, 142(2), pp.369~383 (2017)
  21. "Our 2021 stewardship expectation: global principles and market-level voting gudieline" (2021)[URL]
  22. Bowen, H. R, "Social responsibilities of the businessman" (1953), Harper and Row
  23. Brammer, S, "Firm size, organizational visibility and corporate philanthropy : An empirical analysis", Business Ethics : A European Review, 15(1), pp.6~18 (2006)
  24. Campbell, J. L, "Why would corporations behave in socially responsible ways? An institutional theory of corporate social responsibility", Academy of Management Review, 32(3), pp.946~967 (2007)
  25. Carney, M, "The many futures of Asian business groups", Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25(4), pp.595~613 (2008)
  26. Chang, S. J, "Economic performance of group-affiliated companies in Korea : Intragroup resource sharing and internal business transactions", Academy of Management Journal, 43(3), pp.429~448 (2000)
  27. Chang, S. J, "When and how does business group affiliation promote firm innovation? A tale of two emerging economies", Organization Science, 17(5), pp.637~656 (2006)
  28. Cho, C. H, "The role of environmental disclosures as tools of legitimacy:A research note", Accounting, Organizations and Society, 32(7-8), pp.639~647 (2007)
  29. Choi, Y. K, "CSR activities and internal capital markets : Evidence from Korean business groups", Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 55, pp.283~298 (2019)
  30. DiMaggio, P. J, "The iron cage revisited : Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields", American Sociological Review, 48(2), pp.147~160 (1983)
  31. Duque-Grisales, E, "Environmental, social and governance(ESG)scores and financial performance of multilatinas : Moderating effects of geographic international diversification and financial slack", Journal of Business Ethics, 168(2), pp.315~334 (2021)
  32. Dyck, A, "Do institutional investors drive corporate social responsibility? International evidence", Journal of Financial Economics, 131(3), pp.693~714 (2019)
  33. Freeman, R. E, "Strategic management: A stakeholder approach" (1984), Pitman
  34. Golden, B. R, "When will boards influence strategy? Inclination×power=strategic change", Strategic Management Journal, 22(12), pp.1087~1111 (2001)
  35. Greve, H. R, "A behavioral theory of R&D expenditures and innovations : Evidence from shipbuilding", Academy of Management Journal, 46(6), pp.685~702 (2003)
  36. Grossman, S. J, "The economics of information and uncertainty", pp.107~140 (1982), University of Chicago Press
  37. Hannan, M. T, "Structural inertia and organizational change", American Sociological Review, 49(2), pp.149~164 (1984)
  38. Hillman, A. J, "Shareholder value, stakeholder management, and social issues: What’s the bottom line?", Strategic Management Journal, 22(2), pp.125~139 (2001)
  39. Holden, E, "The imperatives of sustainable development: Needs, justice, limits" (2017), Routledge
  40. Holm, C, "Reduction of asymmetric information through corporate governance mechanisms-the importance of ownership dispersion and exposure toward the international capital market", Corporate Governance : An International Review, 18(1), pp.32~47 (2010)
  41. Hsu, J. L, "What prompts small and medium enterprises to engage in corporate social responsibility? A study from Taiwan", Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 19(5), pp.288~305 (2012)
  42. Ioannou, I, "The impact of corporate social responsibility on investment recommendations : Analysts’ perceptions and shifting institutional logics", Strategic Management Journal, 36(7), pp.1053~1081 (2015)
  43. Jackson, G, "Corporate social responsibility in Western Europe: An institutional mirror or substitute?", Journal of Business Ethics, 94(3), pp.371~394 (2010)
  44. Jeong, Y. C, "Between legitimacy and efficiency : An institutional theory of corporate giving", Academy of Management Journal, 62(5), pp.1583~1608 (2019)
  45. Joe, D. Y, "Spillover effects within business groups : the case of Korean chaebols", Management Science, 64(3), pp.1396~1412 (2018)
  46. Khanna, T, "Why focused strategies may be wrong for emerging markets", Harvard Business Review, 75(4), pp.41~48 (1997)
  47. Khanna, T, "Estimating the performance effects of business groups in emerging markets", Strategic Management Journal, 22(1), pp.45~74 (2001)
  48. Kim, B, "Business groups and tunneling : Evidence from corporate charitable contributions by Korean companies", Journal of Business Ethics, 154(3), pp.643~666 (2017)
  49. 김성훈, "The Influence of Multinational Corporations on Institutional Diffusion in Emerging Markets: Evidence from Hiring the Disabled in Korea", Seoul Journal of Business, 14(1), pp.3~30 (2008), 경영연구소[DOI]
  50. Kochhar, R, "Institutional investors and firm innovation : A test of competinghypotheses", Strategic Management Journal, 17(1), pp.73~84 (1996)
  51. Landi, G, "Towards a more ethical market: The impact of ESG rating on corporate financial performance", Social Responsibility Journal, 15(1), pp.11~27 (2019)
  52. Liang, K. Y, "Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models", Biometrika, 73(1), pp.13~22 (1986)
  53. Matten, D, ""Implicit"and"explicit"CSR : A conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility", Academy of Management Review, 33(2), pp.404~424 (2008)
  54. Meyer, J. W, "Institutionalized organizations : Formal structure as myth and ceremony", American Journal of Sociology, 83(2), pp.340~363 (1977)
  55. Navarro, P, "Why do corporations give to charity?", Journal of Business, 61(1), pp.65~93 (1988)
  56. Pellegrino, C, "Climate change accounting and the Australian mining industry : Exploring the links between corporate disclosure and the generation of legitimacy", Journal of Cleaner Production, 36, pp.68~82 (2012)
  57. Pinkse, J, "Multinational corporations and emissions trading : Strategic responses to new institutional constraints", European Management Journal, 25(6), pp.441~452 (2007)
  58. Ramaswamy, K, "Variations in ownership behavior and propensity to diversify : A study of the Indian corporate context", Strategic Management Journal, 23(4), pp.345~358 (2002)
  59. Reichert, B. E, "How corporate charitable giving reduces the costs of formal controls", Journal of Business Ethics, 176, pp.689~704 (2022)
  60. Reverte, C, "Determinants of corporate social responsibility disclosure ratings by Spanish listed firms", Journal of Business Ethics, 88(2), pp.351~366 (2009)
  61. Scott, W. R, "Institutions and organizations" (2001), Sage
  62. Stanwick, P. A, "The relationship between corporate social performance, and organizational size, financial performance, and environmental performance : An empirical examination", Journal of Business Ethics, 17(2), pp.195~204 (1998)
  63. Su, W, "Product diversification and financial performance: The moderating role of secondary stakeholders", Academy of Management Journal, 58(4), pp.1128~1148 (2015)
  64. "The UN global compact-accenture strategy CEO study 2016, agenda 2030: A window of opportunity" (2016)[URL]
  65. Vogel, D. J, "Is there a market for virtue? : The business case for corporate social responsibility", California Management Review, 47(4), pp.19~45 (2005)
  66. Waddock, S. A, "The corporate social performance-financial performance link", Strategic Management Journal, 18(4), pp.303~319 (1997)
  67. Yu, T, "Moving beyond firm boundaries : A social network perspective on reputation spillover", Corporate Reputation Review, 11(1), pp.94~108 (2008)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (4건)