Tone of Loanwords and Child Language and Universal Grammar: a Case from North Kyungsang Korean
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Abstract
Chung, Young-Hee. 2007. Tone of Loanwords and Child Language and Universal Grammar: a Case from North Kyungsang Korean. Korean Journal of Linguistics, 32-1, 125-141. Emergent patterns in loanwords raise the question of learnability because they require constraint rankings which do not seem to be motivated by the data available to the speaker. Based on the fact that emergent patterns in loanwords coincide with the patterns that are commonly encountered cross-linguistically, Shinohara (2004) hypothesizes that the emergent patterns of loanwords are reflections of Universal Grammar. The goal of this paper is to test Shinohara's hypothesis. For the purpose, I investigate emergent patterns of loanwords and child language of North Kyunsang Korean. In loanwords of North Kyungsang Korean, a high tone gravitates to a closed syllable. I first show that this pattern is not found in native words and discuss that it is a result of cross-linguistically well-motivated markedness constraints. Then, as a way to shed light on the learnability question of emergent patterns of loanwords, I explore data from child speech of North Kyungsang Korean and show that a high tone also tends to gravitate to a closed syllable in child language. Based on this finding, I argue that Universal Grammar is the source of not only the grammar of child language but also the grammar of loanwords. (Sejong University)
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