한국어 ‘ㄹ’ 말음 어간의 활용에서 나타나는 변이의 양상: 구어 말뭉치 및 설문을 통한 연구
A Study of Variation in the Verbal Conjugation of Korean /l/-final Stems: Through Spoken-corpus and Survey
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초록
This study investigates the patterns of variation found in the verbal conjugation of Korean /l/-final stems. In general, stem-final /l/s delete before /n/- or /s/- initial verbal suffixes in Korean but it is also possible to retain /l/ with an epenthetic vowel /ɯ/ (e.g., sal-n ‘to live-adjectival suffix’ [san] ~ [salɯn]). For 68 /l/-final verbal stem, the two forms, E(lision)-form and R(etention)-form, were searched in the spoken corpus published by National Institute of Korean Language. The results show that E-form is more likely in longer stems or with frequently co-occurring words, where the stems are easily predicted. A survey was carried out with the same 68 verbal stems. 108 Korean speakers were requested to choose either E-form or R-form for each stem in sentences. E-form was more likely when a stem is long or has high frequency. Also, the existence of R-form synonym and frequently co-occurring words also affected the participants towards E-form. These are all explained from the perspective of information. When the information from the context is not abundant, Korean speakers tend to choose R-form, which contains more bottom-up (phonetic) information. An alternative account would be analogy, which is based on the ∅~/l/ alternation in Korean verbal conjugation.
Abstract
This study investigates the patterns of variation found in the verbal conjugation of Korean /l/-final stems. In general, stem-final /l/s delete before /n/- or /s/- initial verbal suffixes in Korean but it is also possible to retain /l/ with an epenthetic vowel /ɯ/ (e.g., sal-n ‘to live-adjectival suffix’ [san] ~ [salɯn]). For 68 /l/-final verbal stem, the two forms, E(lision)-form and R(etention)-form, were searched in the spoken corpus published by National Institute of Korean Language. The results show that E-form is more likely in longer stems or with frequently co-occurring words, where the stems are easily predicted. A survey was carried out with the same 68 verbal stems. 108 Korean speakers were requested to choose either E-form or R-form for each stem in sentences. E-form was more likely when a stem is long or has high frequency. Also, the existence of R-form synonym and frequently co-occurring words also affected the participants towards E-form. These are all explained from the perspective of information. When the information from the context is not abundant, Korean speakers tend to choose R-form, which contains more bottom-up (phonetic) information. An alternative account would be analogy, which is based on the ∅~/l/ alternation in Korean verbal conjugation.
참고문헌 (18)
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