디지털 리터러시 교육에 대한 실과(기술·가정)과 교사의 인식 분석

Abstract

Recently, the development of digital technology and interests of subject matter education field for digital literacy have had great influence on the educational direction of schools and teaching and learning methodologies. In this movement of subject matter education, this study explored the current status of digital literacy education in Practical Arts and Technology and Home economics by comprehensively analyzing perceptions of teachers responsible of elementary Practical Arts and secondary Technology and Home economics classes in terms of digital literacy education. As for this purpose, the researchers carried out a nation-wide survey of elementary and secondary teachers. The survey consisted of questions on the necessity and practice of digital literacy education, the current status of digital literacy education in subject matter education, the professionality and readiness of teachers, and educational conditions and improvement plans. In total, 10% of schools nationwide by levels were selected in two surveys through stratified sampling. 4,760 elementary teachers and 3,689 middle school teachers had participated in the two surveys, 257 Technology and Home economics teachers in middle school out of whom responded the surveys. The study identified five results as follows. First, Technology and Home economics teachers in both elementary and middle school have a relatively higher perception on the necessity of digital literacy education in subject matter education compared with other subject matters, while the extent which they put digital literacy into practice is just similar with others. Second, regarding the time of introduction of digital literacy education, elementary teachers responded that 3-4th grade in the elementary school would be appropriate, which is different from the respondence by middle school Technology and Home economics teachers saying that 5-6th grade in the elementary school or 1st grade in the middle school would be better. Third, out of the purposes of digital literacy education in Practical Arts of elementary curriculum, ‘proper understanding and using of digital technology’ appeared to be the highest as well as ‘exploring and utilizing information and contents through digital technology’ and ‘creating information and the contents through digital technology’ were considered important. Fourth, basic skills to use computer, keyboard typing, communication on the Internet, presentation using presentation applications, multimedia usage were identified major digital literacy related functions and skills necessary for students. Finally, elementary teachers appeared to mainly use digital literacy technology for motivating students’ learning, practicing, collecting data, exemplifying and advising for learning activities, while Technology and Home economics teachers in middle school appeared to do it for motivating, explaining learning materials, collecting data, exemplifying and advising.