불교가사 <회심곡>의 전승과 사설 변모 양상 연구

Abstract

This study examines the changes in the lyrics structure of the Buddhist gasa(歌辭) <Hoishim-gok> during its transmission and the socio-cultural significance of these changes. <Hoishim-gok> is one of the most enduring and widely popular Buddhist gasa(歌辭), and it continues to be performed in some circles today. Although much has been discussed about <Hoishim-gok>, there has been little focus on the transformation of its lyrics structure within the corpus of <Hoishim-gok> works. This study aims to analyze the variations in the narratives of <Hoishim-gok> over time. To this end, the study uses the <Ingwa-mun>, recorded in the 18th century, as a benchmark for <Hoishim-gok> lyrics transmission, comparing it with <Hoishim-gok> lyrics recorded in the 19th and 20th centuries. The study particularly examines the lyrics from the early 20th century, given that many manuscripts of <Hoishim-gok> are undated and most dateable lyrics are from this period. The analysis reveals that the lyrics evolution of <Hoishim-gok> primarily involves the reduction of didactic elements related to the propagation of Buddhist teachings, which had been used since earlier times, and an expansion of the descriptions of the 'birth-aging-illness-death' process, which is central to <Hoishim-gok>. These changes in the lyrics are not merely a reflection of popular preferences but are indicative of the efforts of Buddhism to adapt to the socio-cultural demands and the historical context of the time. During this period, Buddhism faced the challenge of securing its popularity amidst the influx of foreign religions and the emergence of new religious movements. Its role as a national religion connected to societal changes was crucial. The transformation in the narratives of <Hoishim-gok> serves as a significant indicator of the broader changes in Buddhism during the 19th and 20th centuries.