제인 스마일리의 『천 에이커』: 에코페미니즘 관점으로 재해석한 『리어왕』
Jane Smile’s A Thousand Acres: King Lear Reinterpreted from Ecofeminist Perspectives
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A first acquaintance with the title and epigraph of A Thousand Acres shows that Smiley has interests which extend far beyond appropriating the plotline of Shakespeare’s King Lear and its characters. Smiley adopts an ecofeminist perspective. From an ecofeminist perspective, some Shakespeare’s plays reveal problematical attitudes towards the nonhuman nature and the relationship between women, animals, and nature. So does King Lear, of which the natural images and metaphors are carefully reworked into a twentieth-century American farming context in A Thousand Acres. In the play, water, marshes, and animals are generally evoked in a negative or accusatory manner. Patriarchs in A Thousand Acres have similar attitudes towards them. But these images are rethought and revised by the narrator and characters who take a nature-friendly approach. The novel shares with the play the poison motif as a metaphor for human greed and destruction. Whereas the poison motif in the play is used to show daughters’ corruption and wickedness, in the novel the poisons are pesticides and fertilizers that patriarchs used. Rapacious agricultural practices causes poisoning of the women’s bodies, leading to cancer and miscarriages. The novel repeated the parallels between the technological invasion of the landscape with the mastery and abuse of the female character. At the end of the novel, nature is vanquished on both the farm and in Ginny’s life, but unlike Goneril in the play, Ginny acquires a great deal of valuable insight and manages to survive in the novel.
Abstract
A first acquaintance with the title and epigraph of A Thousand Acres shows that Smiley has interests which extend far beyond appropriating the plotline of Shakespeare’s King Lear and its characters. Smiley adopts an ecofeminist perspective. From an ecofeminist perspective, some Shakespeare’s plays reveal problematical attitudes towards the nonhuman nature and the relationship between women, animals, and nature. So does King Lear, of which the natural images and metaphors are carefully reworked into a twentieth-century American farming context in A Thousand Acres. In the play, water, marshes, and animals are generally evoked in a negative or accusatory manner. Patriarchs in A Thousand Acres have similar attitudes towards them. But these images are rethought and revised by the narrator and characters who take a nature-friendly approach. The novel shares with the play the poison motif as a metaphor for human greed and destruction. Whereas the poison motif in the play is used to show daughters’ corruption and wickedness, in the novel the poisons are pesticides and fertilizers that patriarchs used. Rapacious agricultural practices causes poisoning of the women’s bodies, leading to cancer and miscarriages. The novel repeated the parallels between the technological invasion of the landscape with the mastery and abuse of the female character. At the end of the novel, nature is vanquished on both the farm and in Ginny’s life, but unlike Goneril in the play, Ginny acquires a great deal of valuable insight and manages to survive in the novel.
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