「겨울 이야기」에 대한 생태여성주의적 비평

Abstract

Haeng-soo, LeeThis article focuses on the reconciliation and rebirth of Leontes' family through an ecofeminist view point. The male protagonist, Leontes shows his fear of female sexuality and oppresses female characters as others who challenge male authorities. The partiarchal violence of Leontes brings about death of his only son, Mamilius, death of Antigonus, and losses of Perdiata and Hermione.As the destruction of nature becomes a menace to general lives of human beings negative masculinity marginalizes women and regards them as inferior others to destroy family life. Destruction of lives is caused by Leontes' groundless jealousy which comes from the fear of female sexuality, the life-giving force.Discarded Perdita has been brought up well in nature by a shepherd. She takes part of a godess of spring through love with Florizel. Perdita and Florizel come back from Bohemia in which they are not free from the oppression of patriarchal violence to Sicilia in which Leontes' repentance is made whole. Paulina takes the part of a magic artist for reviving Hermione's life after 16 years. The sacrifice and painful endurance of three women, Hermione, Perdita and Paulina bring forth a miracle of resurrection in Sicilia. Now that Hermione becomes a suitor to Leontes, her position is changed to a forgiving subject from an abused object. Leontes's position is changed also to a constructive subject of reconciliation from a destructive patriarchal subject. And he becomes a peaceful mediator to unite Camilo and Paulina. Through women's life-giving forces, Leontes' family is restored to a happy family again, like environment can be restored by healing Mother Nature. Shakespeare manifested his ecofeminist viewpoint of the world through this drama in which equality of man and woman, the life-affirming harmony with art and nature is emphasized to overcome the tragedy of patriarchal violence.