한국 고대문헌과 일본 『만엽집』의 ‘붉은 색’ 비교 연구

Abstract

The color red used in 『Samguksagi』and 『Samgukyusa』is classified and discussed as follows: red color as one of the colors related to five directions, of which the red reflecting solar-worship thinking; red color as a means of signalling nation’s future crisis like red cloud, red animals, and water of blood color; red color as a symbol of an idealistic beauty in expressing flower as ‘red face’ and red color of incantatory functioning as in ‘red ship.’ There is a common feature that red color is mostly used as a sign of implying future events except its usage with clothing. In Korea, red color is mostly used as a sign of nation’s future events rather than personal feeling or sentiment of esthetic beauty of the color itself. One of the reason for this may be that 『Samguksagi』is a book of history. More importantly, it is analyzed that Koreans recognized the sentiment of color as a system of thinking rather than an object of beauty. In ancient Japan, red color is regarded importantly as one of the colors expressing five directions. Red cloud is not found in ancient Japanese literature. Red animals appear occasionally, but they express sensual and concrete sentiment of personal recognition of the object. This is a difference with the ancient Korean case. The red color of ancient Japan strongly reflects solar-worship thinking. It is also the color of incantatory function i.e., driving back calamity with the aid of coloring red clay on ship. Ancient Japanese seek sensual and sexual beauty of women in dynamic motion of trailing their red skirts. Many such examples are found in works of representative singers like Kakinomotonohitomaro(柿本人麻呂) and Ohotomonoyakamochi(大半家持), who dwelled in old palace and created works for empress and other women. Chinese literature like 『Yuseongul』and 『Okdaesinyoung』also would have an effect on Japanese works.