메이지초기 관립고등교육기관의 양학교육에 대한 고찰 -『The Calendar of the Tokio kaisei-gakko 1875』의 내용 분석을 중심으로 -

Abstract

After a visit of Ferry and the conclusion of a western countries, Japan has taken an opened country to foreign intercourse at the end of Bakufu(幕府) period. During the period of Meiji(明治) in 1868, the new government promoted progressive modernization in order to pass through inner and outer crisis of Japan. To seek rapid modernization as well as industrialization, Japan needed the best brains and experts. The most effective ways to deal this problem was to take men of talent in every western part in arts and sciences. Practically, Japan did invite many specialists in every field of modernization right after Meiji renovation. With the efforts from those foreign brains Japan had pushed on the urgent matters of modernization and further more these foreign brains had trained many other people to set Japan to have substantial independence as to become modern state. After the Meiji renovation daigaku(university), which had the administrative authority over educating fu(府) and ken(縣), has been abolished after haihanchiken(廢藩置縣) in 1871. The most important problem that the central department of educational administration confronted was to establishing the gakusei(學制)and eventually gakusei was promulgated in the next year in August 1872. In this report we will take a look at how and what kind of changes have been done in the educational system of Tokio kaisei-gakko(東京開成學校), the government high school, since 1875 through the annual report of “The calendar of the Tokio kaisei-gakko”. The main reason for examining this Tokio Kaise-gakko is because this school was relatively well set school for western learning ever since the promulgation of school system in 1872, August and also Tokio Kaisei-gakko had been recognized as the predecessor School of Tokyo University which was established in April, 1877. Many researches of Tokio kaisei-gakko has been concentrated on summarizing or reporting its historical point of views, eventually it was rare to find any researches or documents only focusing on educational system of Tokio Kaisei-gakko. In this research we will be examining the characteristics of Tokio Kaisei-gakko as well as its valuable meaning over educational point of view by referring the schedule and syllabus of Tokio Kaisei-gakko.