일제 강점기와 해방 이후 일본어교육의 통사적 연구

Abstract

This paper examines aspects of Japanese language education from the Japanese occupation to the post-liberation period. First, it examines the aspects of Japanese language education in colonial Korea during the Japanese occupation, and then it examines the emergence of the need for Japanese language education and the public's perception of it in the post-liberation period in a historical and social atmosphere in which Japanese culture and remnants of Japanese language were thoroughly excluded, based on the political and social context and interaction. Korea has a painful history of being subjected to 35 years of Japanese colonization and imposed Japanese as the national language. Even before the annexation of Korea to Japan, the Residency-General issued the Private School Ordinance to forcibly suppress private educational institutions, and the Japanese Government-General of Korea issued the Chosun Education Decree from 1911 to 1945, which had a profound impact on school-aged children and adults in colonial Korea. Korean language courses in official educational institutions were reduced to optional subjects; Japanese course names were changed to “national languages”; and social educational institutions such as "academic lecture halls" were transformed into specialized Japanese language institutions through Japanese interference and suppression. Japanese language education was enforced by the Japanese government and pro-Japanese organizations, and Japanese language learning was also voluntarily conducted in areas where Japanese people frequented. The period from liberation to 1960 can be seen as a gap period (1945-1960), when a strict anti-communist and anti-Japanese policy was adopted and no Japanese language education was provided in schools and other educational facilities, and anti-Japanese and Korean ideas were deepened in society in the form of criticism of dwarf culture. After the signing of the Korea-Japan Basic Treaty in 1965, Japanese language education entered a period (1961-1971) in which Japanese language education was reintroduced in earnest by the government, with active exchanges between Japan and Korea, permission from the Ministry of Education for private Japanese language courses, and approval for the establishment of Japanese language departments in universities. After the signing of the Japan-Korea Basic Treaty in 1965, economic exchanges between the two countries increased, with Japanese companies actively investing in Korea to take advantage of the cheap Korean labor force. The demand for Japanese language increased, and the need for Japanese language education emerged. In 1972, Japanese language centers were authorized, and from 1973, Japanese was designated as a second language in high schools. The Park Chung-hee regime emphasized that Japanese was a necessary language for national development and justified Japanese education by proposing the National Charter of Education and the motto of “Education with National Identity.” Later, the establishment of Japanese-related academic organizations and the establishment of Japanese-related majors in universities led to the establishment of Japanese language education, ushering in a period of great leap forward (1972-1979)