일본어 2인칭대명사 ‘あなた’의 문법화

Abstract

We considered the modern Japanese second person pronoun ‘あなた(anata)’ from the viewpoint that there is a cultural characteristic part and a universal cultural universality in the change of language. In linguistics, language change is treated as an individual phenomenon, but in grammaticalization, it is related to human cognition and communication strategies. Language change occurs in the process of negotiating meaning in discourse. Words with concrete meanings lose their lexical qualities and develop into other forms while continuously forming relations with the abstract meaning of the relationship between words. In discourse, a kind of pattern arises in the process of negotiating meaning, and the pattern leads to language change. The fact that ‘あなた’ has changed from an instructional pronoun to a person's pronoun shows the possibility that a word is used across multiple categories. The disappearance or abstraction of the original semantic qualities suggests the possibility of multiple subcategories in the semantic category and the liquidity in that category.　Also, the grammatical and semantical weakening of ‘あなた’ seems to be due to the paradigmatic relation in the language.