제주 오름의 인문경관에 대한 고찰 -공동묘지를 중심으로-

Abstract

Oreums, volcanic bodies, along with Halla Mountain are unique landscape resources of Jeju. Tombs in an oreum are found everywhere throughout Jeju and they symbolize the identity of Jeju people who live relying on an oreum and are buried there after they die. Common cemeteries were built in oreums according to the Act of a tomb, crematorium, burial and cremation control under the rule of Japanese imperialism. At first, Jeju people were hesitant to bury their ancestors in a common cemetery. As time went by, after the 1970s they changed their mind and were in the business of burying their ancestors in a common cemetery because of the high cost and the legal regulation of burying in private graveyards. A lot of tombs in oreums formed its unique landscape and the space of life and death was separated there. There are 25 oreums where common cemeteries were built. Jeju people mostly buried their ancestors in a nearby oreum because they had to think about the easiness of a funeral. Common cemeteries a re m anaged b y the n earby v illages and its residents use an a ssigned area usually for f ree. The m ain factors of common cemeteries’ being built seem to be Japanese coercion, proximity, the effect of Fung Shui and the protection of farmland. Unlike other tombs, common cemeteries in oreums have no sandam, stones surrounding their tomb, in consideration of its size. Or there is simplified sandam using cement instead of stones to distinguish boundaries. This study is meaningful in that it is an attempt to examine the humanistic landscape of common cemeteries in Jeju’s Oreums.