각궁의 제작의 특성 연구: 경기 부천·경북 예천 계열을 중심으로

Abstract

This study academically establishes the original version of Gaggung by series and manufacturing characteristic of Gaggung by analyzing characteristics of Gaggung and the present condition of Gaggung in Gyeonggi Bucheon and Gyeongbuk Yecheon area. This study also makes a comparative study about manufacturing system which focuses on chronology of Gaggung and Gaggung maker and archery data of Joseon. The conclusion is as follows. First, the succession of Gaggung in genealogy was formed by Kim Jang-hwan of Bucheon Gungbang and Gwon Yeong-lok of Yecheon Wangsanggol Gungbang who were designated as Korean Intangible Cultural Property No. 47 in 1971. In 1996, Jang Jin-seob who lived in Seoul and Kim Bak-yeong who lived in Buchoen were designated as the second-generation Gungsijang, and also Yecheon Kwon Young-hak was recognized as a artisan of Gungsijang in 2015. The direct successors of Kim Jang-hwan are Kim Yun-kyung (training assistant of Gungsijang No. 47) and Go Young-hwan (Tae Kwan-Gung). The other disciple of Kim Jang-hwan is Ju Jang-eung (Sejong Intangible Cultural Properties No. 1) and the disciples of Ju Jang-eung are Gwangju Lee Sang-woon (Gwangju Bow) and Ansan Go Gang-seok (Death, Ansan Bow), and Ju Jang-eung's son Joo Hak-yu runs the family business. After the liberation, the practical lineage of Yecheon bow making was derived from Kwon Young-rok (designated in 1971). Currently, the creators of the Yecheon series are Kwon Oh-cheol (Jeonju Bow), Kwon Young-moo (Cheonan Bow), Kim Seong-rak (Yecheon Bow Museum), and Kwon Hong (Solcheon Bow). Second, the original form of Gaggung recorded in 『Gung-sul of Joseon』 is not much different until the 1940s. The leading changes in Gaggung's the original form are Yecheon Kim Soo-il in the 1950s and Ju jang-eung in Bucheon the 1990s. The reason for this change was due to the realistic judgment to obtain the response of consumers by producing an bow which is easy to handle. Third, Gaggung's material-specific characteristic focuses on bamboo, which is the basis of elasticity, and complements the twisting of the bow by utilizing the characteristics of the water cow horns(水牛 角) tissue. Also, the tendon in the back of the cow was used to increase the elasticity of Gaggung. In order to double the speed of the arrow, Goja was made of mountain mulberry. The impact on the arm was alleviated by adding oak to the center of the bow, and the durability and elasticity of the Gaggung was increased by utilizing the characteristic of the birch bark which helps to make breathability(通風性). Improving Gaggung's performance highly by using the stickicity which extracted from croaker(民魚)'s air bladder(鰾) and utilized in a variety methods to make the bendable shape of“ㄷ”is a product of wisdom from the foreshadows.