선행 무용경험이 무용 감상에 미치는 영향
Influence of Preceded Experiences of the Dance on the Appreciation of Dance
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본 연구에서는 독일인과 한국인을 대상으로 발레와 한국무용의 감상소감 설명 시 수반되는 손동작의 거동에 이들의 선행 관람경험이 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 분석하였다. 다양한 기준을 가진 시각적인 손동작 종류들의 빈도를 측정하여 이들과 독립변수인 무용의 종류, 선행 관람경험 유무의 관객그룹, 그리고 관객의 문화권간의 유의미한 관계를 분석하였다. 결론적으로 선행 관람경험이 있는 경우 관객의 감상소감은 개념을 가진 손동작으로 많이 표현되지만, 선행 경험이 없는 경우는 감상소감의 표현이 스트레스로 작용될 수 있음을 보였다. 또한, 선행 발레관람 경험의 유무와 관계없이 독일인들이 한국인들 보다 더 많은 손동작을 보였다. 이는 감정연구에서도 확인된 경향으로 두 문화의 개인주의 수준의 차이에서 오는 결과로 유추된다. 최근의 뇌 영상 촬영기법을 이용한 연구들은 먼저 관객이 직접 배운 적이 있는 무용을 관람할 때 배우지않은 무용 동작을 볼 때보다 관객의 전운동피질이 더 활성화된다는 것을 보였다. 이를 본 연구의 결과와 연관시켜 보면 뇌의 높은 활성화 정도가 본 연구의 높은 개념적 손동작의 빈도와 일맥상통한다 할 수 있으나, 관객이 직접 할 수 있는 무용동작에 대한 선호도가 감소하는 경향을 고려하면 추가적인 연구가 필요해 보인다. 본연구는 또한 관람이든 실제 체험이든 선행적 무용교육이 무용 감상소감의 구체적인 표현과 이에 따른 인지감성적인 능력 향상에 기여할 수 있음을 보여 준다.
Abstract
The present study investigates the influence of preceded experiences of the dance on the appreciation of dance. Germans and Koreans with or without preceded experience of ballet or Korean dance watched prepared dance scenes of ballet Giselle and the Korean dance Sung-Mu. The hand movements of each participant shown during verbal descriptions of individual thoughts and feelings from dance were videotaped. The coding system NEUROGES was used to analyze the hand movements and gestures systematically. The major results were that the participants independent of the culture with a preceded visual experience with ballet or the Korean dances executed significantly more conceptual hand movements during verbal description of their thoughts and feelings from the watched dance scenes, while the participants without preceded experience showed more hand movements, which might mean that the verbal description of their thoughts and feelings stresses the participants, because it is not easy. Further, independent of the preceded experiences, Germans showed higher frequency of hand movements than Koreans. The different level of Individualism of both cultures might contribute to this result. The higher frequency of the conceptual hand movements of the participants with preceded experience, which was provided by the present study, can be correlated with the experimental result from the fMRI studies that the participants show higher cerebral activities, when they watch dance what they also can dance. However, considering the trend that preference level become to be lowered when participants watch dance that they also can. Hence, more studies are needed to clarify the relationship between hand movements and cerebral activities. The present study showed further that visual or physical experiences of dances can promote the ability of perception of diverse dance scenes.
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