기업가적 지향성과 흡수역량이 중소기업의 신제품개발에 미치는 영향
The influence of entrepreneurial orientation and absorptive capacity on SME's NPD
1
조회
0
다운로드
48
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
신제품개발은 기업의 성장과 생존에 필수적인 활동이다. 특히 급변하는 경영환경에서 기업 규모가 작을수록 신제품개발에 대한 의존도는 높아진다. 본 연구는 기업가적 지향성과 흡수역량을 중심으로 중소기업의 신제품개발 성공률을 제고하기 위한 시사점을 제시하고자 시작하였다. 기업가적 지향성과 흡수역량은 경영전략차원에서 경쟁력 강화의 중요한자원으로 연구되고 있지만, 이들 간의 관계 및 성과에 미치는 영향을 규명하려는 연구 시도는 미진하다. 이에 본 연구는 261개 중소기업을 대상으로 신제품개발 성공에 있어 기업가적 지향성과흡수역량의 직접효과 및 매개효과를 검증하였다. 그 결과, 기업가적 지향성의 하부요인 중에혁신성은 신제품개발에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 위험감수성과 진취성은 유의미한 영향을 확인하지 못하였다. 흡수역량의 경우, 외부지식을 탐색하는 잠재적 흡수역량은 신제품개발에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았고, 기존 지식과 자원을 활용하는 실행적 흡수역량은 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기업가적 지향성의 간접효과를 검증한 결과, 흡수역량이 혁신성을 불완전매개하고 진취성을 완전매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기업가적 지향성이 신제품개발 성과에 직결되기 위해서 기업의 지식과 자원을 효과적으로 탐색, 활용하는 흡수역량이 요구될 뿐만 아니라 이 활동이 기업가적 지향성의 방향과정렬되어야 함을 제시하고 있다.
Abstract
New product development(NPD) is imperative management activity for growth and survival of the firm. In the context of the small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs), the firm became further dependent upon NPD with the increasing turbulence in environments. This research suggests the role of entrepreneurship orientation(EO) and absorptive capacity(ACAP) that affect the success rate of NPD in SMEs. Although each of them has been highlighted as critical resources in the aspect of the sustainable competitive advantage, the relationship and the effect between EO and ACAP have received scant attention. Based on the sample of 261 Korean SMEs, this study examines the direct/indirect effect of EO and ACAP on NPD performance. While innovativeness of EO has the direct effect on NPD performance, both risk-taking and proactiveness of EO show no significance. While realized ACAP has the positive influence on NPD performance,potential ACAP shows no significant influence. In addition, we found that the impact of innovativeness on NPD performance was being partially mediated by ACAP whereas the relationship between proactiveness and NPD performance being fully mediated by ACAP. These findings would provide generic insights that both exploration and exploitation regarding knowledge and resources in SMEs are necessary in order to increase NPD performance and two activities have to align with EO.
참고문헌 (82)
- 권정언, "엔터테인먼트 미디어 기업에서 개인의 창의적 성향이 조직의 창의적 성과에 미치는 영향 : 폐기학습과 흡수역량의 매개효과를 중심으로", 박사, 인적자원개발정책, pp.2011
- 김지대, "블루오션 신제품개발 전략에 관한 실증연구", 기술혁신연구, 15(1), pp.27~63 (2007), 기술경영경제학회
- 나상균, "기업가지향성, 신제품개발요인 및 신제품성과의 구조적 관계:중소제조기업을 중심으로", 대한설비관리학회지, 15(3), pp.85~98 (2010), 대한설비관리학회
- 문형주, "기업가 정신이 종업원의 개인역량 및 조직성과에 미치는 영향 : 광주·전남 중소기업을 중심으로", 박사, 경영학, pp.2010
- 박경환, "연구개발팀의 환경 성숙도 및 인지적 다양성과 정서적 수용이 연구개발 성과에 미치는 영향", 기술혁신연구, 13(1), pp.141~167 (2005), 기술경영경제학회
- 성태경, "기업규모, 네트워크, 그리고 기술혁신: 우리나라 제조업에 대한 실증 분석", 기술혁신연구, 13(3), pp.77~100 (2005), 기술경영경제학회
- 손동원, "한국 벤처부문의 지식이전 효과에 대한 진단 : 지식속성, 흡수능력, 정부 및 시장의 복합적 효과", 기술혁신연구, 18(1), pp.21~51 (2010), 기술경영경제학회
- 이상두, "중소기업 최고경영장의 기업가 지향성이 기술혁신과 경영성과에 미치는 영향", 박사, 경영학과, pp.2013
- 이성화, "R&D투자가 경영성과에 미치는 영향: 기술사업화 능력의 매개효과를 중심으로", 기술혁신연구, 20(1), pp.263~294 (2012), 기술경영경제학회[DOI]
- 임재현, "중소기업의 기술혁신 관리요소에 관한 실증연구", 기술혁신연구, 20(2), pp.75~108 (2012), 기술경영경제학회
- 정은하, "최고경영자의 기업가정신이 사회복지기관 조직구성원의 혁신적 업무행동에 미치는 영향 : 구조유기성 및 조직공정성의 조절효과를 중심으로", 인사조직연구, 20(2), pp.199~245 (2012), 한국인사조직학회[DOI]
- 조건묵, "기업가정신이 동태적 능력의 형성에 미치는 영향 : 중소식품기업 사례를 중심으로", 박사, 경영학, pp.2008
- 조영란, "신제품, 신서비스, 신기술 개발을 위한 맞춤화된 R&D 프로세스 평가 방법론", 기술혁신연구, 20(2), pp.109~134 (2012), 기술경영경제학회
- 허영호, "동적역량의 결정요인과 경쟁우위 및 해외시장성과와의 관계", 국제경영연구, 23(1), pp.33~73 (2012), 한국국제경영학회
- 홍진환, "시장지향성과 기업가지향성이 중소기업의 신제품 성과에 미치는 영향", 중소기업연구, 32(1), pp.107~131 (2010), 한국중소기업학회
- Abecassis‐Moedas, C, "Absorptive capacity and sourcerecipient complementarity in designing new products: An empirically derived framework", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 25(5), pp.473~490 (2008)
- Armstrong, J. S., "Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys", Journal of Marketing Research, 14(3), pp.396~402 (1977)
- Atuahene‐Gima, K, "Strategic decision comprehensiveness and new product development outcomes in new technology ventures", Academy of Management Journal, 47(4), pp.583~597 (2004)
- Bagozzi, R. P., "On the evaluation of structural equation models", Journal of the Academy Marketing Science, 16(10), pp.74~94 (1988)
- Baron, R., "Entrepreneurship : A process perspective" (2005), South-Western
- Cardinal, L. B., "Organizing for product development across technological environments: Performance trade-offs and priorities", Organization Science, 22(4), pp.1000~1025 (2011)
- Camisón, C., "Knowledge absorptive capacity: New insights for its conceptualization and measurement", Journal of Business Research, 63(7), pp.707~715 (2010)
- Chu, C. P., "The joint effect of project-level exploratory and exploitative learning in new product development", European Journal of Marketing, 45(4), pp.531~550 (2011)
- Clark, K. B., "Managing new product and process development: Text and cases" (1993), Harvard Business School
- Cohen, W. M, "Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation", Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), pp.128~152 (1990)
- Cooper, R. G., "Benchmarking best NPD practices I", Research Technology Management, 47(1), pp.31~43 (2004)
- Cooper, R. G., "Benchmarking best NPD practices II", Research Technology Management, 47(3), pp.50~59 (2004)
- Covin J. G., "The measurement of entrepreneurial orientation", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(4), pp.677~702 (2012)
- Covin, J. G, "Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments", Strategic Management Journal, 10(1), pp.75~87 (1989)
- Dixon, S. E. A., "Leadership, administrative heritage and absorptive capacity", Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 28(8), pp.727~748 (2007)
- Duhamel, F., "Degree of innovativeness and new product performance", Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 24(3), pp.253~266 (2012)
- "Dynamic capability in a small global factory" (2013)[URL]
- Flatten, T. C., "A measure of absorptive capacity: Scale development and validation", European Management Journal, 29(2), pp.98~116 (2011)
- Fornell, C., "Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error", Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), pp.39~50 (1981)
- Frishammar, J., "The role of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation for new product development performance in manufacturing firms", Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 19(6), pp.765~788 (2007)
- Gray, C., "Absorptive capacity, knowledge management and innovation in entrepreneurial small firms", International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 12(6), pp.345~360 (2006)
- Hill, C. W. L., "Strategic management theory: An integrated approach" (2012), South-Western
- Hughes, M., "Deconstructing the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance at the embryonic stage of firm growth", Industrial Marketing Management, 36(5), pp.651~661 (2007)
- Hughes, M., "Exploitative learning and entrepreneurial orientation alignment in emerging young firms: Implications for market and response performance", British Journal of Management, 18(4), pp.359~375 (2007)
- Iansiti, M., "Shooting the rapids: Managing product development in turbulent environments", California Management Review, 38(1), pp.37~58 (1995)
- Jambulingam, T., "Entrepreneurial orientation as a basis for classification within a service industry: The case of retail pharmacy industry", Journal of Operations Management, 23(1), pp.23~42 (2005)
- Jansen, J. J. P., "Managing potential and realized absorptive capacity: How do organizational antecedents matter?", Academy of Management Journal, 48(6), pp.999~1015 (2005)
- Jespersen, K. R., "Stage‐to‐stage information dependency in the NPD process: Effective learning or a potential entrapment of NPD gates?", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 29(2), pp.257~274 (2012)
- Keh, H. T., "The effects of entrepreneurial orientation and marketing information on the performance of SMEs", Journal of Business Venturing, 22(4), pp.592~611 (2007)
- Knott, A. M, "R&D", returns causality: Absorptive capacity or organizational IQ, 2008, pp.54(12), 2054~2067
- Kollmann, T, "Antecedents of strategic ambidexterity: Effects of entrepreneurial orientation on exploratory and exploitative innovations in adolescent organisations", International Journal of Technology Management, 52(1-2), pp.153~174 (2010)
- Kreiser, P. M., "Disaggregating entrepreneurial orientation: The non‐linear impact of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk‐taking on SME performance", Small Business Economics, 40(2), pp.273~291 (2012)
- Lane, P. J., "The reification of absorptive capacity: A critical review and rejuvenation of the construct", Academy of Management Review, 31(4), pp.833~863 (2006)
- 이건희, "The Influence of the Overseas Subsidiary’s Market Orientation, Entrepreneurship, and Network on Its Dynamic Capability", 대한경영학회지, 24(5), pp.3007~3024 (2011), 대한경영학회
- Lester, D. H., "Critical success factors for new product development", Research Technology Management, 41(1), pp.36~43 (1998)
- Li, C. R., "The contingent value of exploratory and exploitative learning for new product development performance", Industrial Marketing Management, 39(7), pp.1186~1197 (2010)
- Li, Y., "The role of market and entrepreneurship orientation and internal control in the new product development activities of Chinese firms", Industrial Marketing Management, 35(3), pp.336~347 (2006)
- Li, Y. H., "Ambidexterity's mediating impact on product development proficiency and new product performance", Industrial Marketing Management, 41(7), pp.1125~1132 (2012)
- Lichtenthaler, U., "Absorptive capacity, environmental turbulence, and the complementarity of organizational learning processes", Academy of Management Journal, 52(4), pp.822~846 (2009)
- Lisboa, A., "Entrepreneurial orientation, exploitative and explorative capabilities, and performance outcomes in export markets: A resource-based approach", Industrial Marketing Management, 40(8), pp.1274~1284 (2011)
- Lumpkin, G. T, "Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance", Academy of Management Review, 21(1), pp.135~172 (1996)
- Lyon, D. W., "Enhancing entrepreneurial orientation research: Operationalizing and measuring a key strategic decision making process", Journal of Management, 26(5), pp.1055~1085 (2000)
- March, J. G., "Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning", Organization Science, 2(1), pp.71~87 (1991)
- Miller, D., "Correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms", Management Science, 29(7), pp.770~791 (1983)
- Walking the tightrope: Improvisation and information use in new product development, "Moorman, C.", Marketing Science Institute, ~, pp.Marketing Science Institute Report No. 95-101 (1995)
- Mu, J., "Strategic orientations and new product commercialization: mediator, moderator, and interplay", R&D Management, 41(4), pp.337~359 (2011)
- Mueller, B. A., "Pioneering orientation and firm growth knowing when and to what degree pioneering makes sense", Journal of Management, 38(5), pp.1517~1549 (2012)
- Nieto, M., "Absorptive capacity, technological opportunity, knowledge spillovers, and innovative effort", Technovation, 25(10), pp.1141~1157 (2005)
- Podsakoff, P. M, "Self-reports in organizaational research-problems and prospects", Journal of Management, 12(4), pp.531~544 (1986)
- Podsakoff, P. M., "Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), pp.879~903 (2003)
- Rauch, A., "Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance: An assessment of past research and suggestions for the future", Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), pp.761~787 (2009)
- Raykov, T., "A method for comparing completely standardized solutions in multiple groups", Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 7(2), pp.292~308 (2000)
- Rothaermel, F. T., "Exploration and exploitation alliances in biothechnology: A system of new product development", Strategic Management Journal, 25(3), pp.201~222 (2004)
- Salomo, S., "NPD planning activities and innovation performance: The mediating role of process management and the moderating effect of product innovativeness", Journal of Product Innovation Management, 24(4), pp.285~302 (2007)
- Schumpeter, J., "The theory of economic development" (1934), Cambridge University Press
- Shrout, P. E., "Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations", Psychological Methods, 7(4), pp.422~445 (2002)
- Sun, H., "Critical success factors for new product development in the Hong Kong toy industry", Technovation, 25(3), pp.293~303 (2005)
- Sun, P. Y. T., "An examination of the relationship between absorptive capacity and organizational learning, and a proposed integration", International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(2), pp.130~150 (2010)
- Verona, G., "A resource‐based view of product development", Academy of Management Review, 24(1), pp.132~142 (1999)
- Wales, W. J., "Too much of a good thing? Absorptive capacity, firm performance, and the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation", Strategic Management Journal, 34, pp.622~633 (2013)
- Wales, W. J., "Too much of a good thing? Absorptive capacity, firm performance, and the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation", Strategic Management Journal, 34, pp.622~633 (2013)
- Walter, A., "The impact of network capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation on university spin‐off performance", Journal of Business Venturing, 21(4), pp.541~567 (2006)
- Wang, H. K, "An empirical exploration of corporate entrepreneurial orientation and performance in Taiwanese SMEs: A perspective of multidimensional construct", Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 23(9-10), pp.1035~1044 (2012)
- Wiklund, J., "Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance: a configurational approach", Journal of Business Venturing, 20(1), pp.71~91 (2005)
- Wong, S. K. S., "The influences of entrepreneurial orientation on product advantage and new product success", Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship, 4(3), pp.243~262 (2012)
- Zahra, S. A, "Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension", Academy of Management Review, 27(2), pp.185~203 (2002)
- Zahra, S. A., "Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: A review, model and research agenda", Journal of Management Studies, 43(4), pp.917~955 (2006)
