특허 인용 네트워크와 동적 기술트리 분석을 활용한 기술 진화 경로 연구: 초고압 직류송전 시스템 사례
On the evolutionary technological trajectory using patent citation network and dynamic technology tree analysis: a case study of HVDC(High Voltage DC transmission system
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초록
기존의 기술 진화 경로 연구는 주로 거시적 동향 분석 수준에서 이루어져 왔으며 포괄적인 기술정책 방향 수립에는 시사점이 있었으나, 기업 기술 및 특허전략에는 활용가치가 낮았다. 2000년대부터 논문 및 특허 등의 데이터를 활용해 미시적인 기술의 진화 경로를 분석하고, 기업 기술전략에 적용하려는 연구가 증가하고 있다. 그러나 대부분 과거 진화 경로의 서술에 그치고 있으며 기술의 진화 또는 파생-융합 등의 변화에 대한 분석은 전문가의 정성적 판단에 상당부분 의존하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 특허 인용 네트워크를 구축해미시적 기술의 진화 경로를 도출하고, 기술의 진화와 파생을 동적 기술트리를 통해 분석하는방법론을 제시한다. 동적 기술트리 분석은 기술의 핵심요소를 체계화하고, 신기술 요소의 신규성과 확장성을 평가해 차세대 기술진화와 파생에 대한 정량적 판단을 가능하게 한다. 이를통해 차세대 신기술과 파생기술에 대하여 파악, 평가, 비교하고 나아가 예측의 토대를 구축한 것이 본 연구의 의의이다. 본 연구의 결과는 기술 및 특허전략과 포트폴리오 구축의 신뢰성을 높일 수 있는 좋은 도구가 될 것이다. 본 연구에서 제안한 방법론을 이용하여 최근 전력산업에서 기존 교류 송전의 대안으로 주목을 받고 있는 초고압 직류송전 시스템 기술을 대상으로 실증분석을 수행하였다.
Abstract
Tracing an evolutionary technological trajectory in the macroscopicviewpoint is useful for technology policy, but not for corporate technology and intellectualproperty strategy. Tackling this issue, recent bibliometric studies using patents andpapers have made efforts to identify more specific and detailed technological trajectory. However, these studies cannot go beyond simple description of the past trajectory. Also,identification of technology fusion and evolution relies on experts judgments. We suggesta way of identifying microscopic evolutionary technological trajectories by combiningpatent citation network analysis with dynamic technology tree. Also, using newindicators of generality, diversity and novelty, we can detect key technologies that can bea starting point of next generation technology and derivative technology. HVDC(HighVoltage DC transmission) system technology is exemplified.
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