분쟁당사자의 태도, 노사관계와 조정성과의 관계에 있어서 조정위원의 역할에 관한 실증연구
The Effect of Labor-management Attitude, Mediator Expertise, Established Industrial Relations on the Mediation Outcomes
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초록
빠르게 진행되는 사회 및 산업현장의 민주화 이행기에서 갈등 또는 분쟁의 해결 기제로 주목을 받는 것이 조정(mediation)이다. 그러나 한국에서의 조정분야에 관한 그동안 연구는 대부분 기술적 연구에 머물렀고, 사회과학적 측면에서 체계적·종합적인 연구는 많이 부족했다. 이 연구는 2007년 노동분쟁이 발생해 노동위원회에서 조정서비스를 제공받은 사업장을 모집단으로 하여 245개 사업장에 ‘노동위원회 조정서비스 실태조사’ 설문지를 수집·분석하였다. 조정의 직접적 이해당사자에게 나타나는 조정의 성과를 측정하기 위해 노사당사자가 조정에 임하는 태도, 평상시 노사관계를 독립변수로 조정위원의 능력을 조절변수로, 조정성립, 조정만족을 종속변수로 설정하여 조정성과 영향요인을 분석하였다. 노사당사자의 태도는 조정성립과의 관계에서 노동조합측에서만 지지되었고, 조정만족과의 관계에서는 노사양측 모두 통계적 유의성이 나타났으며, 평상 시 노사관계는 노동조합측에서 조정만족에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 조정위원 능력의 조절효과는 노사당사자 태도와 성립, 노사관계와 조정만족에서 부분적으로 강화작용을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 노사당사자를 조정에 몰입시킬 수 있는 동기부여를 위한 제도적 설계의 중요성과, 조정의 효과성을 높이기 위해서는 조정위원에 대한 전문성 제고가 필요하다는 실천적 함의를 보여주었다.
Abstract
In the progress of such dynamic changes, mediation system has been weighed on as an alternative tool confronting the conflict between the labor and management. Rather than comprehensive approach in aspect of social science, most of preceding studies, however, have focused on qualitative researches which has a low requirement of internal validity. This study attempt to examine the factors that influence mediation performance by analyzing on outcomes of the survey scrutinizing changes of recognition between employee-management in the process of mediation. As mode od data collection, the survey is conducted on targeting the workplaces, having provided mediation service in 2007, and among them, 245 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. As the result of analysis finds out main factor affecting the mediation performance as the followed outcomes: 1) Completion of mediation is affected by labormanagement positive attitude. 2) Satisfactory of mediation is affected by affected by labor-management positive attitude and established industrial relations. 3) Mediator’s ability moderated partly between labor-management positive attitude and satisfactory of mediation, established industrial relations and satisfactory of mediation. This Study provides significant suggestions to researchers seekimg effective alternatives for labor dispute: First, it is important to keep affirmative cooperationfocused attitude. Second, it needs to identify and develop competence of mediator in terms of subject-matter expertise of the issues.
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