성리학 형성 과정에 나타난 禪 불교의 영향 - 道南學과 湖湘學을 중심으로 -

Abstract

It is well known that Confucianism in Song has deeply related with Buddhism. This point revealed in Zhu Xi's many comments on that matter. Zhu Xi(朱子) not only criticised The School of Do Nam(道南學派) which were connected by Yang Shi(楊時)- Luo Congyan(羅從彦)- Li Yeonping(李延平), but also opposed to The School of Ho Sang(湖相學派) which led to Xie Liangzuo(謝良佐)- Hu Hong(胡宏)- Zhang Jiucheng(張九成). The present essay is concerned with Zhu Xi's criticism on The School of Ho Sang & Do Nam and the impact of Buddhism on Zhu Xi's thought, especially during the processes of establishing his thoughts. In order to elucidate something complicated approach, three interrelated issues are considered. (a) The School of Do Nam approves the ideas of Cheng Yi, but supports the ideas of Zhang Zai at the point that the experience of Weifa(未發體驗) is identical with Zhong(中) and the Nature(性). Zhu Xi criticised it, because the thoughts of Do Nam School are similiar with Zen(禪佛敎), especially Silent Contemplation Zen(黙照禪). (b) The School of Ho Sang interpretated ‘Ren(Humanity, 仁)’ with ‘Enlightenment(覺)’. Zhu Xi criticised it, because they have same logic with Zen(禪佛敎), especially Contemplation Zen of words(看話禪). The School of Ho Sang did not separate ‘the mind(心)’ and ‘the nature(性)’. So Zhu Xi thought that it was very similiar with the logic of Contemplation Zen of words, especially in the expression that the Function is identical with the Nature(作用是性). Eventually, the theory of Do Nam & Ho Sang School, namely Confucianism in Song has been established throught the influence of Buddhism on them.