天台의 十二因緣論

Abstract

The most fundamental doctrine in Buddhism is Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination (十二因緣論) with The Four Noble Truths (四諦). It is because that Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination appears as a main doctrine with Mahayana Sūtra as well as the early's Sutra. Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination which is included in most doctrines of Buddhism is interpreted in the respect of Mahayana after converting in the Mahayana Sūtra. In spite of that if you understand Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination in Mahayana Sūtra only with respect of the early's Buddhism, it will be misunderstanding. It was Great Monk T'ien-T'ai (天台大師) in China who realized understanding in the respect of Mahayana on the Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination. Chih-i (智顗) organized entirely a view on the Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination with those of The Four Noble in the Profound Meaning of the Lotus Sūtra (法華玄義). It goes without saying that Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination by T'ien-t'ai are not simple interpretations about Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination on the early day's anagamin but an interpretation which unfolded itself without distinction of Mahayana or Hinayana Sūtra. So to speak, T'ien-'ai put together Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination in the early's anagamin or Abhidharma discourse with those of the Arising and Perishing (生滅), he organized Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination on the emptiness idea of the Wisdom with those of the Non-arising (無生), he made clear Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination by emphasizing on the mind along with non-substantiality·provisional existence·the middle (空假中) with those of the Innumerable and he explained Twelve Conditions of Dependent Origination on the Complete and Get into One (圓融) which become non-substantiality ·provisional existence·the middle into one with those the Actionless (無作). That is, he has systematically organized Twelve Conditions of Dependent Origination with the Arising and perishing·Non-arising·Innumerable·Actionless. Twelve Conditions of Dependent Origination by T'ien-t'ai are not only to enumerate but also to open revealing (開顯) and contemplate insight into mind. They were made Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination on the Real Substantial (實相) bear again by opening revealing and revolve into one's mind by contemplating insight into mind (觀心). It means the recovery on the original sense of Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination. As you see Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination by T'ien-t'ai are worth saying an recreation of those as a different level in comparison with those in the early's anagamin. As well it is not too much to say that there are at least no theories on Twelvefold Conditions of Dependent Origination in compare with it.