‘치유’, ‘치병’ 개념에 있어서 불교와 사상의학의 비교－天台 止觀書와 李濟馬의 東醫壽世保元을 중심으로－

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to examine the positions ofBuddhist medicine and Sasang constitutional medicine on “the conceptof medicine”. There are largely two objectives of the intention toexamine the concept of medicine. Among diverse Buddhist medical theories, Tiantai's medical theoryis evaluated as comprehensively embracing exoteric teaching 顯敎medical theory connected to original Buddhism and Abhidharma. ThisTiantai's medical theory is systematically described in the three bookson cessation and observation 止觀 among Tiantai's extensive writings. Sasang constitutional medical theory was examined centering on 『Dongui suse bowon』 that represents the Sasang constitutional medicaltheory suggested by Dongmu Lee Jema. Concretely, Tiantai's medical theory indicates that the symptomsof diseases should be judged based on sounds, appearances, and pulses. This diseases are cured by cessation methods(止法), air breathingmethods(氣息法), virtual methods(假想法), mind-observation methods(觀心法), and techniques. In Sasang constitutional medicine, diseases are diagnosed throughfinding out Sasang constitutions to figure out symptoms and througha series of processes to distinguish the severity of symptoms andtreatment methods are determined based on the degree and severity ofdiseases through symptoms and pharmacology. The treatment methods include drugs, techniques, acupuncture, and recuperation. The two medical theories indicate that the basis of disease curingis controling desires and greed believing that disease conditions aredetermined by human desires and greed. Therefore, based on thetheories of curing in the two medical theories, the diverse disciplinetheories of Tiantai Buddhism are effective for mental disease symptomsappearing in Sasang constitutional medicine. The application of theconcrete pharmacology in Sasang constitutional medicine is considereduseful for physical disease symptoms based on constitutions.