돈황사본 지론종문헌 Stein 613V 제 21장「經辨五住地煩惱義」에 나타난아비달마 교리에 대해

Abstract

The aim of my study is to clarify the position of the Dunhuang manuscript Stein 613 verso, one of the most eminent texts of so-called Dilun (地論) School. For that reason, I examined the Abhidharma doctrines found in Chapter 21 of the Stein 613 verso, “Jingbian wuzhudi fannao yi” (經辨五住地煩惱義, the doctrine of the five *sthavāsabhūmis explained in the sūtra). My findings are as follows: 1. Almost all of the following are based on the *Satyasiddhiśāstra (or *Tattvasiddhiśāstra): the Abhidharma doctrines found in the “zhang” (章, the proposition) of the “Jingbian wuzhudi fannao yi,” the definition of avidyā and of *ekadṛṣṭiṣṭhavāsabhūmi, the three *rāgasthavāsabhūmis and the avidyāvāsabhūmi. 2. It is the concept of “the equal catuḥsatya,” found in the definition of *ekadṛṣṭiṣṭhavāsabhūmi, that we should especially examine in these doctrines. This concept is based on the “theory of extinguishing kleśas by contemplating nirodhasatya,” a theory insisted on by the *Satyasiddhiśāstra. We can find the same concept in Baoliang’s (寶亮) (444-509) commentaries on the Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra (MPS) which is contained in the Da banniepan jing jijie (大般涅槃經集解, Selected Commentaries on the MPS) and in Fascicle 4 of the Da niepan jing yiji (大涅槃經義記卷第四, Commentary on the MPS) copied in Datong (大統) 5 (CE 539) of the West Wei (西魏). 3. Comparing the interpretations of the concept of “the equal catuḥsatya” which are seen in some commentaries on the MPS that were written in the Southern and Northern dynasties, we can determine that the basis of the interpretations shifted from the *Satyasiddhiśāstra to the “pitan” (毘曇, Sarvāstivāda) in the following order: the Da banniepan jing jijie → Fascicle 4 of the Da banniepan jing yiji → Dunhuang manuscript Niepan jing shu (涅槃經疏, the Commentary on the MPS) (BD00260) → Huiyuan’s (慧遠) (523-592) Da banniepan jing yiji (大般涅槃經義記, the Commentary on the MPS). I thus conclude that the “Jingbian wuzhudi fannao yi” is located in the early stage of the current history of Chinese Buddhist thought.