하이데거의 무와 신회의 무념의 유사성

Abstract

There exist studies of various subjects comparing Heideggerian philosophy with Zen Buddhism. But what is striking is that they pay scant attention to Heze Shenhui (菏泽神會, Japanese: Kataku Jinne, 670-762) despite the prominent place he is taking in the history of Zen Buddhism. The doctrine of sudden awakening through seeing one’s original nature (⾒性成佛), one of the most frequently commented terms in the Zen Buddhist tradition, traces itself back to him. So it follows that without examining Shenhui, it’s hardly possible to properly carry out comparative theses on Heideggerian philosophy and Zen Buddhism. The koan meditation/introspection (看話禪) after Dahui Zonggao (⼤慧宗杲, Japanese: Daie Sōkō, 1089–1163) baffles scholarly access to itself due to its succinctness resulting from its emphasis on the practice of meditation. On the contrary, it can be said that Shenhui’s thought on Zen has comparatively much to examine, especially after the discovery of documents of Dunhuang. Shenhui’s thought on Zen, directly handed down from the sixth Patriarch, is the root of the Southern School. Both Heidegger and Shenhui define their philosophical and religious standpoints. In this writing, I tried to focus on the similarities in their understanding of the ultimate reality through the elucidation of Heidegger’s ‘Nothingness/das Nichts’ and Shenhui’s ‘No-thought’ (無念), based on What is Metaphysics?, On Time and Being and ‘The Analects of Shenhui’, in order to seek the possibility of mutual understanding and communication.