『보성론』에서 불계(dhātu)와 종성(gotra)의 동이(同異) 문제에 관해서

Abstract

In the Ratnagotravibhāga ratnagotra serves as a metaphor for tathāgatagarbha‧sarvasattva and as an over-all framework (dhātu- garbha-gotra) for the interpretation of the entire Ratnagotravibhāga. Theoretically, jewelry (buddhadhātu) is nirmalātathatā‧asaṃskṛtad- harma, whereas mines (gotra), where jewelry is covered in soil, are samalātathatā‧saṃskṛtadharma. Ideologically, the interpretation of buddhadhātu and gotra has two interpretation traditions: the one- vehicle lineage thinker or the three-vehicle lineage thinker. The one-vehicle lineage thinker argues that buddhadhātu is true, while gotra is just a temporary measure. In East Asia among one- vehicle lineage thinkers are Jinje and Wonhyo. Jinje translated bud- dhadhātu and bauddhagotra into buddhanature (佛性) without dis- tinguishing them however, Wonhyo clearly stated that buddhadhātu is not a synonym for bauddhagotra. On the other hand, the three- vehicle lineage thinker argues that buddhadhātu of one-vehicle is just a temporary measure and that gotras of three-vehicle truly exist. On this basis, in Tibet it is argued that tathāgatagarbha‧bud- dhadhātu truly exists as a gotra‧hetu in sarvasattva. Ruegg and Takasaki Jikido also regard buddhadhātu and gotra as synonyms and translate and interpret Ratnagotravibhāga. What Ratnagotravibhāga originally intended supports the one-vehicle lineage thinker. If viewed from the perspective of the one-vehicle lineage thinker, the interpretation that the three-vehicle lineage thinker considers buddhadhātu and gotra as synonyms has the following problems. The first problem is that the overall framework of the interpretation of Ratnagotravibhāga is violated. The second problem is the interpretation that agotra and adhātu are synonymous. Thirdly, if tathāgatagarbha‧gotra is interpreted as a synonym for buddhadhātu, the interpretation of the three-vehicle lineage thinker leaves a problem that tathāgatagarbha‧gotra may be āśraya of viśuddhidharma but cannot be hetu of saṃkleśadharma.