법장의 「현전지」(現前地) 해석에 대하여

Abstract

This study analyzes the form and content of Fa-Tsang(法藏)’s commentary on the Abhimukhi (現前地), the sixth bodhisattva stage of the Avataṃsaka Sūtra (華嚴經). The interpretation of Abhimukhi in Fa-Tsang’s commentary on the Avataṃsaka Sūtra differs from the commentaries on the other chapters in that it also includes Vasubandhu’s commentary, the Daśabhūmivyākhyāna (十地經論). In his commentary on the Ten Insights into Pratītyasamutpāda (十種緣起觀), the sixth stage of bodhisattva practice, Fa-Tsang establishes four forms of interpretation, including Vasubandhu’s. Fa-Tsang’s commentary draws on the organization and terminology of Vasubandhu’s interpretation. However, on important ideas about cittamātra (唯心), Fa-Tsang attempts to go beyond Vasubandhu’s position from the perspective of the Huayan School. This is revealed in Fa-Tsang’s interpretation of Vasubandhu’s explanation of cittamātra as Tathāgatagarbha (如來藏). Fa-Tsang understands Vasubandhu’s interpretation of cittamātra as including both impurity (雜染) and purity (淸淨), and such ideas are characteristic of the Tathāgatagarbha. While Fa-Tsang acknowledges Vasubandhu’s tenet that the purpose of the Ten Insights into Pratītyasamutpāda, including cittamātra, is No-self (無我), he also understands the ground of the birth and cessation of the twelve chains as Tathāgatagarbha. In interpreting Daśabhūmivyākhyāna’s cittamātra, Fa-Tsang was influenced by texts belonging to the Tathāgatagarbha such as Qixinlun (起信論). This corresponds to Fa-Tsang’s identification of Daśabhūmivyākhyānaas the final teaching (終敎) rather than the initial teaching (始敎) in the Doctrinal Taxonomy of Huayan (華嚴敎判). In conclusion, Fa-Tsang, in his Commentary on Abhimukhī, embraces Vasubandhu’s theory while also introducing the term Tathāgatagarbha, thus encompassing both to form the theory of “Dependent - arising of the Dharma Realm (法界緣起)”.