일제 식민지 시기 전염병 발병과 ‘미신굴’ ‘위생조합’의 길항(拮抗): 1918∼1929년을 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine Japan’s quarantine control method based on Western clinical medicine and modern science, and to explore explosive shamanism beliefs during the same period to capture cracks in hygiene thoughts. Most of the studies on pandemics and control during colony of Japanese Imperialism dealt with the symbolic alliance between colonial power and germs, focusing on Japan’s coercive hygiene administration and sanitary discourse, or focused on the thesis of Dr. Schofield, a bacteriologist at Severance Medical School. However, just as the Black Death broke out in Europe in the 14th century and changed people in the social order of manor and church, the unfamiliar pandemic that occurred during the Japanese occupation could serve as an opportunity to escape the ruling system. Therefore, it is necessary to examine what kind of escape the colonial Koreans had in spite of the efforts of the Japanese imperialists to increase their control in the wake of the epidemic. The Japanese Empire tried to neutralize folk remedies, shamanism, etc., and tried to create a new body concept through a hygiene combination system along with various hygiene discourses. However, as hygiene became important, fear of death became worse and became more dependent on shamanism. In line with this trend, shamanism has changed from a form of sharing the good and bad of the community to a form of concentrating on the good and bad of the individual, and a new form of shamanism has emerged. Focusing on this fact, this study analyzes how modern hygienic thought of Japan and shamanism of Joseon confront and coexist.