북한의 ‘당의 유일적 영도체계 확립의 10대 원칙’에 대한 고찰

Abstract

North Korea itself is now using the word so-called "Baekdu Bloodline". The core norm supporting this North Korean system is "the Ten principles." The Ten Principles were announced as the name of “Ten Principles of Establishing the Monolithic Ideology System of the Party (hereinafter referred to as the "Old Ten Principles")” in 1974 and was revised to the name “the Ten Principles of the Monolithic Guidance System of the Party (hereinafter referred to as the "New Ten Principles")” in 2013. In the case of North Korea, it is evaluated that the influence and status of the "ten principles" plays a role of the supreme law of the country, which is higher than the North Korean Constitution and the Labor Party code. The Ten Principles were first enacted in the process of power succession and are deifying the actions of Kim Il Sung in the same way as the Christian Ten Commandments. The New Ten Principles consist of contents supporting third hereditary succession. The main contents are as follows: "Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il state of the whole society", "Absolutization of the authority of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il", "ideological unification", "emphasizing the superiority of political life". The main features of the New Ten Principles are as follows: ① strengthening the contents of justifying the third hereditary succession such as 'Kim Il Sung Nation,' 'Kim Jong Il Joseon' and 'Baekdu Bloodline'; ② removing the word communism; ③ strengthening checks against individual executives. However, on the other hand, unlike the Old Ten Principles, ④ 'authority of the party' has been relatively strengthened, and ⑤ the concept of 'ability-based assessment' has been introduced in the appointment of party officials. Although the revision of the Ten Principles constitutes the backbone of third hereditary succession as a whole, the actual normative power of the Ten Principles has been weakened among the North Korean since the time of the Arduous March, and in the New Ten Principles, emphasizing 'the authority of the party' and introducing 'ability-based assessment’ in selecting party official can be regarded as the hope of possibility of change of the North Korean society. Expecting North Korea's change in the future, it is necessary to pay close attention to the core normative system that regulates North Korea and its change in the point that it can enhance the responsiveness in the process of exchanges and cooperation with North Korea.