가상화폐의 출현으로 인한 핀테크(FinTech) 산업혁명의 현상과 법적과제

Abstract

FinTech is a new term that combines finance and technology. It is a new financial service born by ICT technology. American PayPal and Bitcoin are famous. In Japan, a new financial service by ICT can be said to be a settlement service such as Mobile Suica which existed before the word FinTech appeared. There are a number of services, now called FinTech, that typically have the following services: (1) payment, (2) loan and crowd-funding, (3) virtual money, (4) investment support services, (5) personal financial management, and (6) this includes management and business support (i.e., accounting). In Korea, “Bill of the Promotion of FinTech Industry” (Bill No. 16301), which was initiated in 2015, has defined the term related to FinTech. ‘FinTech’ means the information and communication technology that makes use of financial services through the electronic financial infrastructure and corresponds to any of the following items. (1) technology relating to electronic financial transactions and their relays, (2) the data management and analysis of financial service users; and (3) the technology related to asset management (Article 2(3)). The term ‘FinTech industry’ refers to an industry that provides FinTech services to develop, manufacture, produce, distribute or relate technology, products, data and software related to FinTech (Article 2(5)). This study discussed the phenomenon and the legal issues of the FinTech industrial revolution due to the emergence of virtual money. FinTech is an experimental field for a new business model in the field of finance. Not all of them are successful, but various trials are screened across the market, which may lead to novel innovations that conventional financial institutions have not thought of. Traditional financial institutions are relying on large-scale information systems built in the style of 'no internet era'. However, given the changes in customer demand and competition conditions, it may be difficult for traditional financial institutions to stick to existing IT utilization styles in the long run. In recent years, Western financial institutions actively supported FinTech and invested in and acquiring them. In broad terms, it seems that the entire IT industry in the financial industry is a process suitable for the post-Internet era. I think the discussion in this paper will be a place to think about how quickly and at what depth the financial industry can change.