영국의 핀테크(FinTech) 현황과 중소기업의 사업환경에 미치는 영향
A FinTech in the UK and its Impact on SMEs’ Business Environment
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미국과 함께 세계의 핀테크의 중심지인 영국에서는 중소기업에 대한 자금공급에 있어서, P2P대출을 비롯한 얼터너티브 파이낸스는 특히 적극적인 역할을 할 것으로 기대된다. 영국정부는 자국을 세계의 핀테크의 중심지로 하는 것을 목표로 해 명확한 핀테크 전략을 세우고, 다양한 형태로 지원이나 환경정비를 실시하고 있다. 본고에서는 영국의 핀테크 산업을 개관하고 영국정부의 핀테크 전략의 개요나 특징, P2P대출의 비즈니스 모델을 밝히고자 한다. 게다가 영국의 EU 이탈이 핀테크에 미치는 영향에 대해서도 언급하고, 핀테크의 미래 시나리오에 대해 논의의 포인트를 정리한다. 영국의 브렉시트 결정에 따른 불확실성 증대에도 불구하고 브렉시트가 핀테크 산업에 미치는 부정적 영향은 제한적일 것으로 예상한다. 혁신적 핀테크 기업의 성장을 촉진하기 위해서는 혁신과 경쟁을 강조하는 규제환경을 조성하는 것이 필요하며, 이를 위해 규제당국과 기업 간의 원활한 의사소통 및 긴밀한 공조가 필수적이다. 금융서비스 시장 감독원칙에 있어서 안전성과 함께 경쟁을 강화할 수 있는 혁신의 중요성을 강조하는 것이 필요한데, 혁신적 서비스 또는 상품을 통해 소비자 보호 및 이익을 최대화할 수 있도록 규제접근 방식의 개선이 필요하다. 혁신적 핀테크 산업 성장에 필수적인 우수한 기술인력 유치를 위해 비자 및 거주요건 개선 등 제도적 지원을 기울이는 것이 필요하다.
Abstract
In the United Kingdom, along with the United States, the world’s center of fintech, alternative finance, including peer-to-peer loans, is expected to play an especially active role in financing SMEs. The British government has established a clear fintech strategy aimed at making the country the center of fintech in the world, and provides various forms of support and environmental maintenance. In this article, I will give an overview of the UK fintech industry, and provide an overview of the UK government’s fintech strategy, its characteristics, and the business model of P2P lending. In addition, it discusses the impact of the UK’s departure from the EU on Fintech and points out the discussion of Fintech’s future scenarios. Despite the increased uncertainty associated with Brexit’s decision in the UK, Brexit’s negative impact on the fintech industry is expected to be limited. In order to promote the growth of innovative fintech companies, it is necessary to create a regulatory environment that emphasizes innovation and competition. In the principles of market supervision of financial services, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of innovation to enhance competition with safety, and to improve the regulatory approach to maximize consumer protection and benefits through innovative services or products. It is necessary to provide institutional support, such as improving visas and residency requirements, in order to attract outstanding technical personnel, which are essential for the innovative fintech industry.
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